二维和三维织物结构靶板的防弹性能有限元分析

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20251028.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 与传统的二维织物复合材料靶板相比,三维角联锁织物层间有接结纱线连接,可以有效改善复合材料靶板的层间开裂损伤;且其曲面成型性好,用于制作防弹头盔可以一次成型,不需剪裁。然而,不同的纤维集合体结构对复合材料靶板弹道吸能的影响机制尚不明确。本研究设计织制了相同面积克重、相同纱线排列密度、不同组织结构的三维和二维织物,并加工成预浸料。通过弹道测试和有限元模拟,对比分析织物内纱线集合体结构对防弹性能的影响。弹道测试结果表明:具有相同材料重量、相同纱线排列密度的四层接结三维角联锁织物与四层斜纹织物靶板的弹道吸能接近,均低于同纱线细度的四层平纹织物;四种织物制备的预浸料靶板也存在同样的规律。有限元分析结果表明:与二维织物相比,三维角联锁织物内平直纱线上应力传递速度更快,应力分布面积更大。三维角联锁织物内接结纱屈曲率高,易提前断裂,因此耗能较少。

关键词: 三维角联锁织物, 二维平纹织物, 弹道吸能, 有限元分析, 防弹性能, 复合材料

Abstract: In comparison with the common two-dimensional (2D) fabric reinforced composite panel, the three-dimensional (3D) angle-interlock fabric possesses the binding warp yarns through the thickness direction, which not only exhibits obvious better interlayer delamination resistance, but also displayed excellent mouldability for the curved surface, which can be applied for complex doubly-curved shapes without cutting. However, it is still not fully understood that the mechanisms of different fibers assembly structures of fabrics on ballistic energy absorption of composite target plates. In this study, several 3D and 2D fabrics with the same areal weight and weave density, but with different weaves were manufactured and processed into the laminated panels. Ballistic tests and finite element (FE) simulation are used for investigation. Experimental results show that for a given areal weight of fabric and weave density of yarns, the angle-interlock fabric (TW₄) displayed similar energy absorption as the four-layer twill fabric (TW₄), but lower than that of the four-layer plain fabric (PW₄) with the same yarn count. Fabric laminated panel exhibited the same trend. FE results show that in the 3D angle-interlock fabric, the stress wave velocity is faster in the straight warp and weft yarns in comparison with the 2D fabric. The binding warp yarns in the 3D angle-interlock fabricare prone to failure earlier due to even higher crimp ratio, which result in less energy dissipation.

Key words: three-dimensional (3D) angle-interlock fabric, two-dimensional (2D) plain fabric, ballistic energy absorption, finite element analysis, ballistic performance, composites

中图分类号:

TB332

杨艳菲, 王议, 刘俊志, 曹皖皖. 二维和三维织物结构靶板的防弹性能有限元分析[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2025, 0(10): 41-52.

YANG Yanfei, WANG Yi, LIU Junzhi, CAO Wanwan. Finite element analysis of 2D/3D fabric architecture on ballistic performance of armor-grade panel[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2025, 0(10): 41-52.

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