基于粒子群算法的1bit超宽带编码超表面RCS缩减优化设计

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260328.013

复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (3): 110-120.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260328.013

基于粒子群算法的1bit超宽带编码超表面RCS缩减优化设计

李嵩¹, 周金宇^2*, 王培培³, 王晓坡⁴, 杨帆³, 刘文博⁵, 王荣国³

1.江苏理工学院机械工程学院,常州 213001;
2.金陵科技学院机电工程学院,南京 211169;
3.哈尔滨工业大学复合材料与结构研究所,哈尔滨 150080;
4.北京机电工程总体设计部,北京 100080;
5.常州融信复合材料有限公司,常州 213003

收稿日期:2025-02-21 出版日期:2026-03-28 发布日期:2026-04-22
通讯作者: 周金宇(1973—),男,教授,研究方向为机械可靠性、结构疲劳、现代设计方法,yuhangyuan888@sina.com。
作者简介:李嵩(1996—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为吸波复合材料。
基金资助:
常州市科技成果转化及产业化计划(CC20230019);江苏理工学院研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(XSJCX23_68)

Optimization design of 1bit ultra-broadband coding metasurface for RCS reduction based on particle swarm optimization algorithm

LI Song¹, ZHOU Jinyu^2*, WANG Peipei³, WANG Xiaobo⁴, YANG Fan³, LIU Wenbo⁵, WANG Rongguo³

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China;
2. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China;
3. Center for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China;
4. Beijing Mechanical and Electrical Engineering General Design Department, Beijing 100080, China;
5. Changzhou Rongxin Composite Materials Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213033, China

Received:2025-02-21 Online:2026-03-28 Published:2026-04-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在现代无线通信、智能感知以及电子对抗等前沿领域,对电磁波的有效调控至关重要。本文提出一种基于粒子群算法的编码超材料优化设计方法,在碳纤维复合材料表面涂敷石墨烯铜网,以抑制宽频范围内的超宽带后向散射。该超表面结合散射和吸振机制,有效降低了雷达散射截面(Radar Cross Section,RCS)。在12~40 GHz的频率范围内,该超表面的两个不同单元在单元形态和不同平面位置上展现出180°的反射相位差,并具有不同的幅度特性,实现了相对带宽为107.7%的宽带RCS降低。此外,利用编码超表面的不等比例设计,进一步增强了特定频率下后向散射波的扩散效果。通过粒子群优化算法对单元的任意编码序列进行优化,以实现单元的最佳排列。这种新型编码超表面能够实现高频宽带微波吸收,在微波吸收和电磁屏蔽应用领域展现出巨大潜力。

关键词: 碳纤维复合材料, 编码超表面, 粒子群算法, RCS缩减, 超宽带

Abstract: The effective control of electromagnetic waves is crucial in cutting-edge fields such as modern wireless communication, intelligent sensing, and electronic counter measures. This paper proposes an optimization design method for coding metasurfaces based on a particle swarm optimization algorithm. The design utilizes carbon fiber composite surfaces coated with a graphene-copper mesh to suppress ultra-broadband backward scattering. The metasurface effectively reduces the radar cross-section by integrating scattering cancellation and vibration absorption mechanisms. Within the frequency range of 12 GHz to 40 GHz, two distinct unit cells of the metasurface exhibit a 180° reflection phase difference in both unit cells morphology and planar arrangement, accompanied by varying amplitude characteristics, achieving a broadband RCS reduction of 107.7% relative bandwidth. Furthermore, an unequal proportion design of the coding metasurface is employed to enhance the diffusion effect of backward-scattered waves at specific frequencies. The arbitrary coding sequences of unit cells are optimized using the PSO algorithm to achieve optimal unit cells arrangement. This novel coding metasurface enables high-frequency broadband microwave absorption, showcasing significant potential for applications in microwave absorption and electromagnetic shielding.

Key words: carbon fiber composite, coding metasurface, particle swarm optimization, RCS reduction, ultra-broadband

中图分类号:

TB332

李嵩, 周金宇, 王培培, 王晓坡, 杨帆, 刘文博, 王荣国. 基于粒子群算法的1bit超宽带编码超表面RCS缩减优化设计[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(3): 110-120.

LI Song, ZHOU Jinyu, WANG Peipei, WANG Xiaobo, YANG Fan, LIU Wenbo, WANG Rongguo. Optimization design of 1bit ultra-broadband coding metasurface for RCS reduction based on particle swarm optimization algorithm[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(3): 110-120.

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基于粒子群算法的1bit超宽带编码超表面RCS缩减优化设计

Optimization design of 1bit ultra-broadband coding metasurface for RCS reduction based on particle swarm optimization algorithm

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