基于醇碱催化体系的风电复合材料降解与闭环回收研究

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260628.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 环氧树脂基复合材料在风能产业领域被广泛应用,由于环氧树脂交联后具有稳定的三维网络结构,导致大量废弃风电叶片复合材料的回收利用成为难题。在此背景下,本研究开发了一种以氢氧化钾醇溶液为催化剂的降解体系,在100 ℃、8 h的温和反应条件下,实现了酸酐固化环氧树脂完全降解。将此方法用于降解回收拉挤板,在反应过程中,聚合物中的酯键被选择性打开,环氧树脂基部分转化为双酚A甘油醚,甲基四氢苯酐固化剂转化为羧酸盐,同时实现了玻璃纤维/碳纤维的完整回收。将降解产物双酚A甘油醚作为活性组分,重复利用在拉挤板树脂配方中,仍能保持较高的强度和模量。羧酸盐经过后处理转化为高纯度甲基四氢苯酐,其作为固化剂被重复用于拉挤环氧树脂配方中,拉挤板力学性能可达市售同等水平。

关键词: 风电叶片, 环氧树脂, 拉挤板, 降解, 回收

Abstract: Epoxy resin-based composites are widely used in the wind energy industry. Due to the stable three-dimensional network structure formed after the crosslinking of epoxy resin, the recycling and utilization of a large number of discarded wind turbine blade composites have become a challenge. Against this backdrop, this study developed a catalyst system using an alcohol solution of potassium hydroxide, which enables the complete degradation of acid-anhydride-cured epoxy resin under mild reaction conditions of 100 ℃ for 8 hours. This method was applied to the degradation and recycling of pultruded plates. During the reaction, the ester bonds in the polymer were selectively cleaved, with the epoxy resin-based portion transformed into bisphenol A glycidyl ether, and the methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride curing agent converted into carboxylate salts. Meanwhile, the glass fiber/carbon fiber was completely recovered. The degradation product, bisphenol A glycidyl ether, was used as an active component and reused in the pultruded plate resin formulation, maintaining high strength and modulus. The carboxylate salts were post-treated to convert into high-purity methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, which was reused as a curing agent in the pultruded epoxy resin formulation, and the mechanical properties of the pultruded plates reached the same level as commercially available products.

Key words: wind turbine blades, epoxy resin, pultruded plates, degradation, recycling

中图分类号:

TB332

姚亚琳, 肖洪晴, 闫冲冲, 沙骑骑, 苏志强. 基于醇碱催化体系的风电复合材料降解与闭环回收研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(6): 146-153.

YAO Yalin, XIAO Hongqing, YAN Chongchong, SHA Qiqi, SU Zhiqiang. Study on degradation and closed-loop recycling of wind power composite based on alcohol-alkali catalytic system[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(6): 146-153.

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