改性黑磷增强聚脲涂层的制备与性能研究

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20251228.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了提高聚脲(Polyurea,PUA)弹性体基复合材料的阻燃性能,本文选择改性黑磷纳米片,并将其添加到聚脲体系中,制备出改性黑磷增强聚脲复合材料。制备了四种不同的PUA试件:纯PUA试件、含1wt%黑磷(Black Phosphorus,BP)纳米片的BP/PUA试件、含1wt%壳聚糖改性黑磷(Chitosan-Modified Black Phosphorus,CS-BP)纳米片的CS-BP/PUA试件以及含1wt%壳聚糖和三聚氰胺硼酸盐(Melamine Borate,MB)改性黑磷(MB-CS@BP)纳米片的MB-CS@BP/PUA试件。通过垂直燃烧试验、锥形量热试验、拉伸试验和摆锤冲击试验,对比了四种PUA试件的阻燃性能、燃烧行为及力学性能。试验结果表明:MB-CS@BP纳米片的加入能明显提高PUA的阻燃性能,相比加入BP和CS-BP纳米片,MB-CS@BP/PUA复合材料表现出更好的燃烧行为,阻燃效果最佳;MB-CS@BP纳米片的加入能够有效提升PUA的拉伸强度,比纯PUA拉伸强度提升了36.7%;在低速冲击条件下,MB-CS@BP/PUA复合材料相比于采用裸铝合金作为防护涂层的复合结构,冲击强度提高了41.40%。

关键词: 黑磷, 聚脲, 阻燃性能, 力学性能, 复合材料

Abstract: To improve the flame retardancy of polyurea (PUA)-based composite materials, this study selected modified black phosphorus nanosheets and incorporated them into the PUA system to prepare modified black phosphorus reinforced PUA composites. Four different PUA specimens were prepared: pure PUA, BP/PUA with 1wt% black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets, CS-BP/PUA with 1wt% chitosan-modified black phosphorus (CS-BP) nanosheets, and MB-CS@BP/PUA with 1wt% chitosan and melamine borate (MB) modified black phosphorus (MB-CS@BP) nanosheets. The flame retardancy, combustion behavior, and mechanical properties of these four PUA specimens were compared using vertical combustion tests, cone calorimetry, tensile tests, and Charpy impact tests. The experimental results demonstrate that the addition of MB-CS@BP nanosheets significantly improves the flame retardancy of PUA. Compared to the BP and CS-BP nanosheets, the MB-CS@BP/PUA composite exhibits better combustion behavior and the best flame retardant performance. The incorporation of modified black phosphorus nanosheets MB-CS@BP also effectively enhances the tensile strength of PUA, with an increase of 36.7% compared to pure PUA. Under low-speed impact conditions, the MB-CS@BP/PUA composite shows a 41.40% improvement in impact strength when used as a protective coating on aluminum alloy compared to uncoated aluminum alloy.

Key words: black phosphorus, polyurea, flame retardancy, mechanical property, composites

中图分类号:

TB332

孟庆实, 董奕彤, 王朔, 韩森森. 改性黑磷增强聚脲涂层的制备与性能研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2025, 0(12): 11-19.

MENG Qingshi, DONG Yitong, WANG Shuo, HAN Sensen. Preparation and properties of modified black phosphorus-reinforced polyurea coatings[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2025, 0(12): 11-19.

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