不同面密度PVDF电纺纳米纤维膜对CF/EP复合材料层压板层间断裂韧性的影响研究

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20250828.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究探讨了不同面密度的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)纳米纤维膜作为增强材料,对碳纤维/环氧树脂(CF/EP)复合材料层压板层间断裂韧性的提升效果。为此,分别制备了三种不同面密度(9 g/m²、15 g/m²、28 g/m²)的PVDF电纺纳米纤维膜,并将其插入层压板的层间进行试验分析。结果显示,面密度为15 g/m²的PVDF纳米纤维膜对层压板层间断裂韧性的提升最为显著,相对于未引入纤维膜的层压板,Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型断裂韧性分别提升了67%和13%。通过SEM分析发现,PVDF纳米纤维膜的增韧机制主要包括纤维桥接、拔出和断裂等过程。此外,基于内聚力模型的有限元模拟方法对Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型层间断裂行为的数值进行模拟,发现PVDF纳米纤维膜的加入并未显著改变层间区域的界面强度,而是通过纤维骨架作用有效阻碍了层间裂纹在树脂中的扩展。数值模拟结果与试验结果较为吻合,从而验证了内聚力模型模拟PVDF纤维膜插层增强CF/EP复合材料层压板层间断裂行为的可行性。

关键词: 复合材料, 层间断裂韧性, 静电纺丝, 内聚力单元

Abstract: This study examines the reinforcing impact of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibrous membranes when used as an additive material on the interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy (CF/EP) composite laminates with different areal densities. Here, PVDF electrospun nanofibrous membranes with three different areal densities (9 g/m², 15 g/m², 28 g/m²) were prepared and inserted into the interlaminar layers of the laminates for experimental analysis. The results show that the PVDF nanofibrous membrane with a 15 g/m² areal density provided the most significant enhancement of the interlaminar fracture toughness of the laminate, with 67% and 13% enhancement of the mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ fracture toughness, respectively, with respect to that of the laminate without the introduction of the PVDF nanofibrous membrane. SEM analysis reveals that the toughening mechanism of PVDF nanofibrous membranes mainly included the processes of fibre bridging, pull-out and fracture. Furthermore,based on the numerical simulation of mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture behaviours using the finite element simulation method with cohesion model, it is found that the incorporation of PVDF nanofibrous membranes did not significantly change the interface strength of the interlaminar region, but effectively prevented the propagation of the interlaminar cracks through the action of the fibrous skeleton. The numerical simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results, which verifies the feasibility of cohesion model in simulating the interlaminar cracks in PVDF nanofibrous membranes.

Key words: composite materials, interlaminar fracture toughness, electrospinning, cohesive zone model

中图分类号:

TB332

彭焱, 韦廖贤, 曾塘玉, 马传国. 不同面密度PVDF电纺纳米纤维膜对CF/EP复合材料层压板层间断裂韧性的影响研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2025, 0(8): 15-23.

PENG Yan, WEI Liaoxian, ZENG Tangyu, MA Chuanguo. Study on the influence of PVDF electrospun nanofiber membranes with different areal densities on the interlaminar fracture toughness of CF/EP composite laminates[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2025, 0(8): 15-23.

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