基于铺层参数优化的无人机多模态共振抑制研究

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260928.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对三叶桨四旋翼无人机结构模态与桨频(43~55 Hz)和三倍频(129~165 Hz)激励耦合引发的共振问题,提出一种基于铺层参数优化的共振抑制方法。首先通过模态分析识别出落在激励频带内的整机横滚模态及中框弯扭模态,明确多模态耦合下的共振风险;通过铺层参数敏感性分析,揭示中性面0°铺层占比越高、结构刚度提升越显著的规律,且机臂铺层参数对无人机多阶模态存在耦合影响。因此,以整机横滚模态、中框模态移出工作频段及非目标模态无新共振为约束,筛选出机臂中性面45°、中框中性面3层0°铺层强化的优化方案。频响曲线验证表明,优化后整机横滚模态迁移至59 Hz,中框模态迁移至188 Hz,均脱离桨频与三倍频带宽;各测点多方向频响曲线在工作频带中无显著共振峰、相位无-90°突变,机臂的加速度响应峰值降低20%,共振风险得到有效抑制。

关键词: 碳纤维复合材料, 复合材料铺层优化, 无人机, 共振抑制

Abstract: To address the resonance problem induced by the coupling between the structural modes of the tri-blade propeller quadrotor UAV and excitations at the propeller frequency (43-55 Hz) and its third harmonic (129-165 Hz), a resonance suppression method based on laminate parameter optimization is proposed. First, modal analysis was conducted to identify the roll mode of the entire UAV within the propeller frequency band and the bending-torsion mode of the middle frame within the third harmonic band, clarifying the resonance risk under multi-mode coupling. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis of laminate parameters was performed to reveal that a higher proportion of 0° plies at the neutral surface results in a more significant enhancement of structural stiffness, and that the laminate parameters of the arms exert a coupled influence on multiple modes of different orders of the UAV. Therefore, with the constraints that the target modes (roll mode of the entire UAV and middle frame mode) are shifted out of the operating frequency band and no new resonance is induced in non-target modes, an optimization scheme was screened out, which adopts 45° plies at the neutral surface of the arms and reinforced 0° plies for the middle frame. Verification results from frequency response curves show that after optimization, the roll mode of the entire UAV is shifted to 59 Hz and the high-frequency mode of the middle frame is shifted to 188 Hz, both of which are moved away from the bandwidths of the propeller frequency and its third harmonic. In addition, the multi-directional frequency response curves at each measuring point exhibit no significant resonance peaks within the operating frequency band, no abrupt phase change of -90°, and the peak acceleration response of the arms is reduced by 20%, indicating that the resonance risk of the structure is effectively suppressed.

Key words: carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites, optimization of composite laminate lay-up, unmanned aerial vehicle, resonance suppression

中图分类号:

TB332

林剑春, 陈春寺, 沈冠斌, 彭天赐, 刘燕德. 基于铺层参数优化的无人机多模态共振抑制研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(9): 113-121.

LIN Jianchun, CHEN Chunsi, SHEN Guanbin, PENG Tianci, LIU Yande. Research on multimodal resonance suppression in UAVs based on laminate parameter optimization[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(9): 113-121.

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