冷喷涂制备不同含量SiC+Al2O3铝基复合材料的显微组织与性能分析

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260628.004

复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (6): 28-37.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260628.004

冷喷涂制备不同含量SiC+Al₂O₃铝基复合材料的显微组织与性能分析

程清思¹, 张立恒¹, 辛红敏^1*, 周金华², 李羿含³, 李光平³

1.湖北文理学院纯电动汽车动力系统设计与测试重点实验室,襄阳 441053;
2.西北工业大学航空发动机高性能制造工业和信息化部重点实验室,西安 710072;
3.湖北超卓航空科技股份有限公司,襄阳 441057

收稿日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2026-07-03
通讯作者: 辛红敏(1979—),女,教授,研究方向为航空复杂构件高性能制造、增减材复合制造工艺及装备、冷喷涂再制造新材料新工艺研发及应用、汽车轻量化制造,xhm0330@163.com。
作者简介:程清思(1989—),男,副教授,从事结构优化、有限元仿真、冷喷涂等相关研究,chengqingsi@foxmail.com。
基金资助:
湖北省自然科学基金(联合基金项目)(2023AFD037)

Analysis of microstructure and properties of aluminum matrix composites with different contents of SiC+Al₂O₃ prepared by cold spraying

CHENG Qingsi¹, ZHANG Liheng¹, XIN Hongmin^1*, ZHOU Jinhua², LI Yihan³, LI Guangping³

1. Key Laboratory of Pure Electric Vehicle Powertrain System Design and Testing, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China;
2. Key Laboratory of High Performance Manufacturing for AeroEngines(Ministry of Industry and Information Technology), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;
3. Hubei Super Aviation Technology Co., Ltd., Xiangyang 441057, China

Received:2025-04-25 Published:2026-07-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在铝基复合材料中添加陶瓷相是改善其性能的一种有效手段。本文采用冷喷涂技术制备了陶瓷颗粒增强铝基复合材料,其中陶瓷颗粒为SiC与Al₂O₃等比例混合,陶瓷总含量分别为15wt%、30wt%、45wt%,进而分析了沉积体的截面形貌、颗粒含量、结合强度、拉伸强度及硬度等性能。显微组织分析显示,随着陶瓷颗粒理论含量的增加,其在沉积体中的实际占比从 11% 提升至23%。然而,当理论含量达到45wt% 时,沉积体出现了颗粒团聚、界面结合弱化的问题,同时孔隙率由1.12%上升至1.23%。力学测试结果显示,显微硬度呈现非单调变化趋势(107.6 HV→106.2 HV→113.4 HV),结合强度和抗拉强度分别提升至48.38 MPa和156.81 MPa,但高含量沉积体因界面缺陷导致塑性变形能力显著下降。摩擦学测试结果表明,摩擦系数从0.53增至0.57,磨损量由3.24 mg降至2.85 mg,揭示了SiC与Al₂O₃的协同耐磨效应。研究指出,低含量(15wt%)沉积体综合性能均衡,而高含量(45wt%)沉积体虽硬度和耐磨性突出,但需通过优化颗粒分散性及界面结合抑制断裂倾向。

关键词: 冷喷涂, SiC+Al₂O₃铝基复合材料, 显微组织, 力学性能, 耐磨性

Abstract: The addition of ceramic phases to aluminum matrix composites is an effective method to enhance their properties. In this study, ceramic particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites were prepared using cold spray technology, with the ceramic particles being an equal proportion mixture of SiC and Al₂O₃. The total ceramic content was set at 15wt%, 30wt%, and 45wt%, respectively. Subsequently, the cross-sectional morphology, particle content, bonding strength, tensile strength, and hardness of the deposits were analyzed. Microstructural analysis revealed that as the theoretical content of ceramic particles increased, their actual proportion in the deposits rose from 11% to 23%. However, when the theoretical content reached 45wt%, issues such as particle agglomeration and weakened interfacial bonding were observed in the deposits, while the porosity increased from 1.12% to 1.23%. Mechanical tests showed a non-monotonic trend in microhardness(107.6 HV → 106.2 HV → 113.4 HV), while bonding strength and tensile strength improved to 48.38 MPa and 156.81 MPa, respectively. However, the high-content coating demonstrated significantly reduced plastic deformation capacity due to interfacial defects. Tribological tests indicated that the friction coefficient increased from 0.53 to 0.57, while wear loss decreased from 3.24 mg to 2.85 mg, revealing a synergistic wear-resistant effect of SiC and Al₂O₃. The study concludes that the low-content coating(15wt%) offers balanced overall performance, whereas the high-content coating(45wt%), despite its superior hardness and wear resistance, requires optimization of particle dispersion and interfacial bonding to mitigate fracture tendencies.

Key words: cold spray, SiC+Al₂O₃ aluminum matrix composites, microstructure, mechanical properties, wear resistance

中图分类号:

TB332

程清思, 张立恒, 辛红敏, 周金华, 李羿含, 李光平. 冷喷涂制备不同含量SiC+Al₂O₃铝基复合材料的显微组织与性能分析[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(6): 28-37.

CHENG Qingsi, ZHANG Liheng, XIN Hongmin, ZHOU Jinhua, LI Yihan, LI Guangping. Analysis of microstructure and properties of aluminum matrix composites with different contents of SiC+Al₂O₃ prepared by cold spraying[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(6): 28-37.

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冷喷涂制备不同含量SiC+Al₂O₃铝基复合材料的显微组织与性能分析

Analysis of microstructure and properties of aluminum matrix composites with different contents of SiC+Al₂O₃ prepared by cold spraying

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