复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 9-17.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260428.002

• 基础与力学性能研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

硅炔杂化树脂及其复合材料的制备与性能研究

张耀之1, 徐锦文1, 赵星诺1, 蒋峰光1, 束长朋2*, 周权1*   

  1. 1.华东理工大学 材料科学与工程学院 特种功能高分子材料及相关技术教育部重点实验室,上海 200237;
    2.上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 上海航天特种环境高分子功能材料工程技术研究中心,上海 200245
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-17 发布日期:2026-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 周权(1973—),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事高性能基体树脂方面的研究,qzhou@ ecust.edu.cn。 束长朋(1994—),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事航天特种功能复合材料方面的研究,chal_shu@163.com。
  • 作者简介:张耀之(2003—),男,学士,主要从事耐高温树脂基复合材料方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金 (52173074);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JKD01231701)

Study on synthesis and properties of silane hybrid resins and their composites

ZHANG Yaozhi1, XU Jinwen1, ZHAO Xingnuo1, JIANG Fengguang1, SHU Changpeng2*, ZHOU Quan1*   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China;
    2. Shanghai Aerospace Equipments Manufacturer Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialized Polymer Materials for Aerospace, Shanghai 200245, China
  • Received:2025-03-17 Published:2026-06-16

摘要: 硅炔杂化树脂因为其所具有的优异耐温与抗氧化性能,在航空航天、核电新能源、5G等重要领域有着广泛应用。为进一步研究该类树脂的结构与性能之间的联系,拓展其在更多领域的应用,本文研究了一种耐温高强硅炔杂化树脂的制备过程,并将其制成复合材料,探究分子结构对树脂基体和复合材料性能的影响,旨在提升材料耐热性能、力学性能和加工性能。本文选用不同取代基二氯硅烷与间二乙炔基苯制成聚(间二乙炔基苯-硅烷)树脂(PBS-R),研究树脂分子结构、固化过程、耐热性能以及复合材料力学性能。结果表明:PBS-R树脂固化温度随硅烷取代基空间位阻增大而上升;甲基氢二氯硅烷所合成的聚(间二乙炔基苯-甲基氢硅烷)树脂(PBS-H)具有最佳耐热性能,在氮气和空气下的Td5分别达到了734.8 ℃、615.2 ℃;二甲基二氯硅烷所合成的聚(间二乙炔基苯-二甲基硅烷)树脂(PBS-B)具有最优力学性能,经玻璃纤维增强后,其常温弯曲和层间剪切强度分别达到了403.5 MPa和21.3 MPa,250 ℃下力学性能保留率在80%以上。

关键词: 硅炔杂化树脂, 分子结构, 复合材料, 耐热性能, 力学性能

Abstract: Silane hybrid resin, as a kind with excellent temperature resistance material, is favored in lots of fields. This investigation has studied the performance and characteristic of one kind of high-performance silane hybrid resins modified by chemical and physical methods and made it into composites for promoting the application of this material. This study investigates the relationship between structure and performance aiming to improve this resin’s heat resistance, mechanical properties and processing performance.In this study, m-diethynylbenzenes and dichlorosilane with different substituents were used to make poly (m-diethynylbenzene-silane) resin(PBS-R). The structure, curing process and heat resistance of the PBS-R resins was researched by various test methods. The results showed that viscosity of PBS-R increased with increasing of molecular weight; curing temperature rose with the enlargement of the steric hindrance of the silane substituents. The resin PBS-H which synthesied from methylhydrodichlorosilane has the best heat resistance. Td5 reached 734.8 ℃ and 615.2 ℃, respectively at N2 and air atmosphere. Poly (m-diethynylbenzene-dimethylsilane) resin (PBS-B) has the optimum mechanical properties. By reinforcing with glass fiber, the flexural and interlaminar shear strength of composites at room temperature reached 403.5 MPa and 21.3 MPa, with performance retention rates above 80% at 250 ℃ testing environment.

Key words: silyne hybrid resin, molecular structure, composites, heat resistance, mechanical properties

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