复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (7): 41-48.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20250728.006

• 基础与力学性能研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

纤维细观结构对SiC/SiC复合材料综合力学性能影响规律研究

梅文斌1, 许慎微2, 付泽宇2, 陈欢1   

  1. 1.湖南博翔新材料有限公司,长沙 410000;
    2.中南大学 粉末冶金学院,长沙 410000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-04 出版日期:2025-07-28 发布日期:2025-08-22
  • 作者简介:梅文斌(1990—),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向为陶瓷基复合材料构件设计与仿真,mwb22@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    湘江新区(长沙高新区)关键核心技术攻关项目

Research on the influence of fiber mesostructure on the comprehensive mechanical properties of SiC/SiC composites

MEI Wenbin1, XU Shenwei2, FU Zeyu2, CHEN Huan1   

  1. 1. Hunan Boom New Materials Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China;
    2. Power Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
  • Received:2024-07-04 Online:2025-07-28 Published:2025-08-22

摘要: SiC/SiC复合材料的综合力学性能及失效模式与纤维预制体内部细观结构形式密切相关。本文基于复合材料多尺度分析方法,开展多尺度单胞建模,结合渐进损伤分析,分析预测了微观尺度纤维束和细观尺度编织复合材料的综合力学性能,并与弯曲测试结果进行对比,验证了多尺度分析方法及组分本构模型的正确性,并进一步分析研究了二维铺层SiC/SiC复合材料中纤维编织结构和铺层角度等细观结构参数对材料宏观综合力学性能的影响。计算结果表明:在相同纤维体积分数条件下,不同纤维细观结构对复合材料的弹性模量影响很小,但对破坏强度有显著影响,其中纤维编织结构主要影响面内主方向拉伸强度,斜纹结构比平纹结构高约30%;织物铺层角度对面内主方向拉伸和剪切强度影响较大,0°铺层结构面内拉伸强度比45°铺层面内拉伸强度高约85%,但面内剪切强度要低约30%;此外,编织结构和铺层角度对层间剪切强度几乎没有影响,该性能主要由层间加强纤维和层间基体孔隙率决定。本文结果可为SiC/SiC复合材料构件研制时的纤维预制体结构设计提供支撑。

关键词: SiC/SiC复合材料, 二维铺层, 纤维细观结构, 综合力学性能, 仿真分析

Abstract: The comprehensive mechanical properties and failure modes of SiC/SiC composites are closely related to the mesostructure of the fiber preform. This article is based on the multi-scale analysis method of composite, conducting multi-scale unit cell modeling, combined with progressive damage analysis, to analyze and predict the mechanical properties of fiber bundles and woven composites, and comparing them with bending test results to verify the correctness of the multi-scale analysis method and component constitutive model. Further analysis was conducted on the influence of fiber weaving structure and layup angle on the macroscopic comprehensive mechanical properties of two-dimensional SiC/SiC composites. The calculation results showed that under the same fiber volume fraction conditions, fiber mesostructures had little effect on the elastic modulus of the composite, but had a significant impact on the failure strength. The fiber weaving structure mainly affected the in-plane direction tensile strength, and the twill structure was about 30% higher than the plain structure; the angle of fabric layering has a significant impact on the tensile and shear strength in the in-plane direction. The in-plane tensile strength of the 0° layering structure is about 85% higher than that of the 45° layering structure, while the in-plane shear strength is about 30% lower; in addition, the weaving structure and ply angle have almost no effect on the interlayer shear strength, which is mainly determined by the interlayer reinforcing fibers and the interlayer matrix porosity. The results of this article can provide support for the design of fiber preform structures in the development of SiC/SiC composite components.

Key words: SiC/SiC composites, two dimensional layering, fiber mesostructure, comprehensive mechanical properties, simulation

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