复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (12): 56-62.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20251228.008

• 基础与力学性能研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

碳/芳纶纤维混杂增强环氧基复合材料制备及抗高速冲击性能研究

左小彪1,2, 赵泽华1,2, 杨智勇1,2*, 孙建波1,2, 朱世鹏1,2, 易凯1,2, 周金岑1,2, 樊虎3, 张超4   

  1. 1.航天材料及工艺研究所 结构复合材料中心,北京 100076;
    2.功能性碳纤维复合材料国家工程研究中心,北京 100076;
    3.空装驻北京地区第三军事代表室,北京 100076;
    4.西北工业大学 航空学院,西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-21 出版日期:2026-02-06 发布日期:2026-02-06
  • 通讯作者: 杨智勇(1984—),男,博士,高级工程师,主要从事树脂基结构复合材料及工艺方面的研究,yzy512007@163.com。
  • 作者简介:左小彪(1978—),男,博士,研究员,主要从事树脂基结构复合材料及工艺方面的研究。

Preparation and study on high-velocity impact resistance of carbon/aramid fiber hybrid reinforced epoxy composite materials

ZUO Xiaobiao1,2, ZHAO Zehua1,2, YANG Zhiyong1,2*, SUN Jianbo1,2, ZHU Shipeng1,2, YI Kai1,2, ZHOU Jincen1,2, FAN Hu3, ZHANG Chao4   

  1. 1. Structural Composite Materials Center, Aerospace Research Institute of Material & Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China;
    2. National Engineering Research Center for Functional Carbon Fiber Composites, Beijing 100076, China;
    3. The Third Military Representative Office in Beijing of The Air Force Equipment Department, Beijing 100076, China;
    4. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
  • Received:2024-08-21 Online:2026-02-06 Published:2026-02-06

摘要: 碳纤维复合材料抗高速冲击性能不佳,在一定程度上阻碍了其进一步扩大应用。采用碳纤维与其他纤维混杂设计,是提高复合材料综合性能的有效措施。静/动态力学性能对比研究表明,以TG800-12K-603B制备的碳/环氧复合材料(C/EP)具有更优的静态力学性能,以F12-23T-603B制备的芳纶织物复合材料(F12/EP)则拥有更好的动态力学性能和抗高速冲击能力。基于自动铺丝工艺、结构设计和芳纶/碳纤维混杂比例调控,制备出兼具良好结构承载性能和抗高速冲击性能的新型碳/芳纶纤维混杂复合材料,最优混杂比例为35%~55%。对经高速冲击试验并发生子弹穿透的试样进行损伤形貌分析和冲击损伤仿真分析,结果表明,与F12/EP相比,C/EP冲击正/背面的损伤面积明显更小,说明F12/EP有更强的冲击能耗散能力,所以表现出更高的临界穿透速度。

关键词: 碳纤维, 芳纶纤维, 混杂复合材料, 混杂比例, 抗高速冲击

Abstract: Carbon fiber composite materials have poor resistance to high-velocity impact, which to some extent hinders further expansion of application, so the hybrid design of carbon fiber and other fibers in composite materials is an effective measure to improve the comprehensive performance of composite materials. The investigation of static and dynamic mechanical properties exhibits C/EP possesses better static mechanical properties, while F12/EP has better dynamic mechanical properties. Based on automated fiber placement, structure design and the control of mass ratio for aramid fiber/carbon fiber, a novel carbon/aramid fiber hybrid composite combined with excellent mechanical property and high-velocity impact resistance has been prepared. The preferred mass percentage of aramid fiber for the hybrid composites is 35%~55%. The morphology analysis and simulation analysis for the sample after impact, the damage area of front plate and back plate for C/EP is obviously smaller than that for F12/EP, which indicates that F12/EP possesses better ability for impact energy dissipation, resulting in a higher criticalpenetration velocity.

Key words: carbon fiber, aramid fiber, hybrid composites, hybrid proportion, high-velocity impact resistance

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