复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (6): 71-77.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20250628.010

• 设计与工艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

芳纶纤维对CFRP层合板的雷电防护效应

张铁纯1, 夏安1, 孙斌1*, 张波2,3, 司晓亮2,3, 黄业园2,3   

  1. 1.中国民航大学 航空工程学院,天津 300300;
    2.航空工业合肥航太电物理技术有限公司 电磁信息控制与效应全国重点实验室,合肥 230031;
    3.航空工业合肥航太电物理技术有限公司 安徽省飞机雷电重点实验室,合肥 230031
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-14 出版日期:2025-06-28 发布日期:2025-07-24
  • 通讯作者: 孙斌(1987—),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向为飞机雷电与HIRF防护设计,bsun_2015@163.com。
  • 作者简介:张铁纯(1972—),男,硕士,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为飞机结构与系统持续适航技术。
  • 基金资助:
    装备预研航空工业联合基金(20230044067001)

The lightning protection effect of aramid fiber on CFRP laminates

ZHANG Tiechun1, XIA An1, SUN Bin1*, ZHANG Bo2,3, SI Xiaoliang2,3, HUANG Yeyuan2,3   

  1. 1. School of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China;
    2. National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Information Control and Effect, Aviation Industry Hefei Aviation Electrophysics Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230031, China;
    3. Anhui Key Laboratory of Aircraft Lightning, Aviation Industry Hefei AviationElectrophysics Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230031, China
  • Received:2024-03-14 Online:2025-06-28 Published:2025-07-24

摘要: 芳纶纤维具有良好的电热绝缘性和阻燃特性,本文利用芳纶纤维织物作为金属铜网和碳纤维复合材料层合板之间的隔离层,制备了无芳纶纤维、单层芳纶纤维和双层芳纶纤维三种结构复合材料层合板,通过雷电试验、建立电-热耦合模型以及无损超声C扫描技术方法,分析了含芳纶纤维的复合材料层合板在雷电流C波和D波作用下的雷电防护效果以及芳纶纤维厚度对复合材料层合板雷电防护效率的影响,讨论了芳纶纤维织物作为隔离层的雷电防护机制。研究结果表明:在雷电流C波和D波作用下,与无芳纶纤维相比,单层芳纶纤维复合材料层合板的第一层碳纤维面积损伤分别减小了69.1%和78.9%,深度损伤分别减小了72.2%和68.8%;双层芳纶纤维的碳纤维层合板均无雷击损伤。这证明芳纶纤维能够抵御电流厚度方向流入,大幅减小了CFRP层合板的电流密度和雷击烧蚀损伤。此研究可为CFRP层合板雷电防护结构设计提供有力支撑。

关键词: 芳纶纤维, CFRP层合板, 雷击损伤, 雷电防护

Abstract: Aramid fiber has good electrothermal insulation and flame retardant properties. In this paper, aramid fiber fabric was used as the isolation layer between metal copper mesh and carbon fiber composite laminates and three kinds of composite laminates with structure of non-aramid fiber, a layer of aramid fiber and two layers of aramid fiber were prepared. The lightning protection efficiency of composite laminates containing aramid fiber under the action of lightning current C and D waves and the influence of aramid fiber thickness on the lightning protection efficiency of composite laminates were analyzed. At the meantime, the lightning protection mechanism of aramid fiber fabric as isolation layer was discussed. The results show that under the action of lightning current C-wave and D-wave, the area damage of the first layer of carbon fiber with a layer of aramid fiber is reduced by 69.1% and 78.9% respectively and the depth damage is reduced by 72.2% and 68.8% respectively. The carbon fiber laminates containing two layers of aramid fiber have no lightning damage. It is proved that the aramid fiber can effectively resist the current flowing in the direction of thickness, reducing the current density and the lightning ablation damage of the CFRP laminates greatly. This study provides a strong support for the later design of aircraft lightning protection structure.

Key words: aramid fiber, CFRP laminates, lightning damage, lightning protection

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