环氧树脂增韧改性及其模型研究进展

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260528.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 环氧树脂具有优异的综合性能,其作为复合材料的基体树脂被广泛应用于航空航天、国防军事、风电核能、汽车船舶以及交通运输等重点领域。环氧树脂的高交联密度在带来高比模量、高比强度的同时,也导致其脆性大、抗冲击性差和耐疲劳性低等缺点,严重限制了环氧树脂进一步的发展与应用。因此,平衡环氧树脂的韧性与强度成为亟待解决的关键问题。本文综述了近几年国内外环氧树脂增韧改性的研究进展,分别阐述了橡胶、热塑性树脂、纳米粒子、热致液晶聚合物、超支化聚合物等方式增韧环氧树脂的机理、优势以及存在的问题,同时指出利用微观力学模型和分子动力学模型研究增韧机理是一种有效的研究方法,可以深入探讨环氧树脂微观力学性能与宏观力学行为之间的联系。最后,本文对未来环氧树脂增韧技术的发展方向进行了展望,同时指出环氧树脂未来发展的目标以及面临的挑战。

关键词: 环氧树脂, 增韧机理, 热力学性能, 微观力学, 分子动力学

Abstract: Epoxy resin has excellent comprehensive properties. As a matrix resin of composite materials, it is widely used in aerospace, national defense and military, wind power and nuclear energy, automobile and ship, transportation and other key fields. The high crosslinking density of epoxy resin not only brings high specific modulus and high specific strength, but also leads to large brittleness, poor impact resistance and low fatigue resistance of epoxy resin. These shortcomings seriously limit the further development and application of epoxy resin. Therefore, balancing the toughness and strength of epoxy resin has become a crucial issue to be solved urgently. In this paper, the research progress of toughening modification of epoxy resin at home and abroad in recent years is reviewed. The mechanism, advantages and existing problems of toughening epoxy resin by rubber, thermoplastic resins, nanoparticles, thermotropic liquid crystal polymers and hyperbranched polymers are expounded respectively. At the same time, it is pointed out that it is an effective research method to study the toughening mechanism by using micro-mechanical model and molecular dynamics model, which can deeply explore the relationship between micro-mechanical properties and macro-mechanical behavior of epoxy resin. Finally, the future development direction of epoxy resin toughening technology is prospected, and the future development goals and challenges of epoxy resin are pointed out.

Key words: epoxy resin, toughening mechanism, thermodynamic performance, micromechanics, molecular dynamics

中图分类号:

TB332

梁晗曦, 李闯, 杨帅, 高艺铭, 熊需海. 环氧树脂增韧改性及其模型研究进展[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(5): 140-150.

LIANG Hanxi, LI Chuang, YANG Shuai, GAO Yiming, XIONG Xuhai. Research progress on toughening modification of epoxy resin and its models[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(5): 140-150.

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