复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (2): 120-129.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260228.017

• 工程应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

Ⅳ型复合材料气瓶低速冲击损伤行为研究

刘妍1, 周银博1, 韩冰2,3, 刘岩2,3, 戴行涛2,3, 邓繁旭1, 刘培启1*, 杨燕4*   

  1. 1.大连理工大学 智能材料前沿科学中心,大连 116024;
    2.国家市场监督管理总局重点实验室(气瓶安全技术),大连 116012;
    3.大连锅炉压力容器检验检测研究院有限公司,大连 116013;
    4.辽宁师范大学 计算机与人工智能学院,大连 116029
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-18 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-03-12
  • 通讯作者: 刘培启(1981—),男,博士,教授,研究方向为氢能储供系统及装备,lpq21cn@dlut.edu.cn。杨燕(1981—),女,博士,讲师,研究方向为图像处理和计算机视觉,jasmineyy@lnnu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:刘妍(2000—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为复合材料气瓶结构性能和检测技术。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2021YFB4000803);辽宁省科技重大专项(2024JH1/11700017);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(DUT24ZD204,DUT22LAB604)

Study on low speed impact damage behavior of type Ⅳ composite gas cylinder

LIU Yan1, ZHOU Yinbo1, HAN Bing2,3, LIU Yan2,3, DAI Xingtao2,3, DENG Fanxu1, LIU Peiqi1*, YANG Yan4*   

  1. 1. Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Gas Cylinders Safety Technology, State Administration for Market Regulation, Dalian 116012, China;
    3. Dalian Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection & Testing Institute Co., Ltd., Dalian 116013, China;
    4. School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
  • Received:2024-11-18 Online:2026-02-28 Published:2026-03-12

摘要: Ⅳ型储氢瓶由于具有质量轻、强度高、疲劳性能好等优点而受到广泛关注。但在其运输、使用过程中,结构抵抗异物冲击的性能未知,从而带来潜在风险。采用试验和数值模拟相结合的方法,对Ⅳ型储氢瓶进行冲击损伤分析研究。首先,开展了Ⅳ型储氢瓶的冲击试验,并对损伤深度及损伤面积进行了测量表征。然后,建立了一个考虑层内和层间损伤的三维气瓶冲击过程有限元模型。其中,三维Hashin准则和Camanho经验模型用于预测层内损伤,内聚力模型用于预测层间损伤,模拟结果与损伤测量结果具有很好的一致性。最后,基于建立的模型研究了冲击角度、冲击能量和内压对冲击损伤的影响。结果表明:不同冲击能量条件下,模型含内聚力单元的结果均比不含内聚力单元的结果更接近于试验值;冲击能量在层内和层间进行能量耗散造成损伤,凹坑深度越大,对面内损伤的影响越大,导致耗散的能量变多,层间耗散能量变少。损伤冲击角度越小,冲击物与缠绕层接触面积越大,导致基体受压面积变大,损伤面积随之扩大。相比不带压冲击,模型带压冲击时的基体拉伸损伤更严重,冲击位移更小。研究结果为复合材料Ⅳ型气瓶冲击损伤层内及层间分层损伤研究提供了补充信息。

关键词: Ⅳ型储氢瓶, 冲击, 面内损伤, 分层损伤, 有限元, 复合材料

Abstract: Plastic lined composite hydrogen storage cylinders (type Ⅳ hydrogen storage cylinders) have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages of lightweight, high strength, and good fatigue performance. However, the impact performance of foreign objects during transportation and use is unknown, which poses potential risks. This article combines experimental and numerical simulation methods to analyze the impact damage of type Ⅳ hydrogen storage cylinders. Firstly, impact tests were conducted on type Ⅳ hydrogen storage cylinders, and the depth and area of damage were measured and characterized. Then, a 3D finite element model of gas cylinder impact process considering intra layer and inter layer damage was established. Among them, the 3D Hashin criterion and Camanho empirical model are used to predict intra layer damage, and the cohesive zone model is used to predict inter layer damage. The simulation results have good consistency with the measurement results. Finally, based on the established model, the effects of impact angle, impact energy, and internal pressure on impact damage were studied. The results show that under different impact energies, the results of the model with cohesive elements are closer to the experimental values than those without cohesive elements. The impact energy dissipates within and between layers resulting in damage. The greater the depth of the pit, the greater the impact on the internal damage, resulting in more energy dissipated and less energy dissipated between layers. The smaller the damage impact angle, the larger the contact area between the impact object and the winding layer, and the larger the compressive area of the substrate, resulting in an increase in the damage area. Under pressure impact, the tensile damage to the substrate is more severe than without pressure impact, and the impact displacement is smaller. The research results of this article provide supplementary information for the study of delamination damage within and between the impact damage layers of composite material type Ⅳ gas cylinders.

Key words: type Ⅳ hydrogen storage cylinder, impact, intralaminar damage, delamination, FEM, composites

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