激光处理天线覆铜面对共形天线结构Ⅰ型断裂韧性的影响

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260828.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 天线覆铜面因表面光滑,在制备共形承载天线结构时需进行表面处理。相比吹砂处理工艺,激光表面处理工艺可靠性好且可控性强。本文采用纳秒红外激光对聚酰亚胺(PI)覆铜膜覆铜面进行处理,后制得类共形承载天线结构双悬臂梁(Double Cantilever Beam, DCB)试样,测定了其Ⅰ型断裂韧性G_ⅠC。试验结果表明,激光表面处理可使G_ⅠC提高542%。试验过程中发现,经激光处理后,裂纹在扩展过程中由覆铜面界面转移至了其他界面。使用ABAQUS软件,基于黏聚力单元(cohesive element)建立了双悬臂梁试验的有限元分析模型。仿真结果表明,当cohesive单元的厚度为0.1 mm时,发生分层失效时最大载荷为64.9 N,与试验结果相差11.3%。

关键词: 共形天线承载结构, 覆铜面, 激光表面处理, 层间断裂韧性, 数值模拟

Abstract: The copper-clad surface of antennas is typically smooth, requiring surface treatment when preparing conformal load-bearing antenna structures. Compared to sandblasting, laser surface treatment offers higher reliability and controllability. In this study, a nanosecond infrared laser was used to treat the copper-clad surface of a PI-copper film. The resulting quasi-conformal load-bearing antenna structure wasevaluatedusing double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens todeterminethe mode-Ⅰ fracture toughness (G_ⅠC).The results show that laser surface treatment increases G_ⅠC by 542%. Additionally, it was observed that cracks, which initially propagated along the copper-clad interface, shifted to other interfaces after laser treatment. Numerical simulations were conducted using ABAQUS software, where a DCB model was established with cohesive elements. The simulation results indicate that when the cohesive element thickness is 0.1 mm, the maximum delamination failure force reaches 64.9 N, with an 11.3% deviation from experimental results.

Key words: conformal load-bearing antenna structure, copper-clad surface, laser surface treatment, interlaminar fracture toughness, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TB332

徐梁, 袁国青. 激光处理天线覆铜面对共形天线结构Ⅰ型断裂韧性的影响[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(8): 136-143.

XU Liang, YUAN Guoqing. Influence of laser-treated copper cladding on mode-Ⅰ fracture toughness in conformal antennas[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(8): 136-143.

参考文献

[1] 罗超. 共形承载天线的耐高温技术研究[D]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学, 2018.
Luo Chao. Research on high temperature resistant technology ofconformal load-bearing antenna[D]. Xi’an: Xidian University, 2018.
[2] 梁昌松. 共形阵列天线的分析与综合技术研究[D]. 成都: 电子科技大学, 2023.
Liang Changsong. Study on analisis and synthesis of conformal array antenna[D]. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2023.
[3] 朱松. 共形天线的发展及其电子战应用[J]. 中国电子科学研究院学报, 2007, 2(6): 562-567.
Zhu Song. Development of conformal antenna and its EW applications[J]. Journal of China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology, 2007, 2(6): 562-567.
[4] Zhao Wei, Xie Yifu, Yan Qun, et al. Damage tolerance-based design of conformal antenna composite structure[J]. Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2022, 29(26): 5530-5541.
[5] Baek S M, Lim S J, Ko M G, et al. Structural design, fabrication and static testing of smart composite skin structure: conformal load-bearing SATCOM array antenna structure (CLSAAS)[J]. International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences, 2020, 21(1): 50-62.
[6] Xie Zonghong, Zhao Wei, Zhang Peng, et al. Design and development of conformal antenna composite structure[J]. Smart Materials and Structures, 2017, 26(9): 095009.
[7] 许群, 王云香, 刘少斌, 等. 飞行器共形天线技术综述[J]. 现代雷达, 2015, 37(9): 50-54.
Xu Qun, Wang Yunxiang, Liu Shaobin, et al. An overview on conformal antenna technology for aircraft[J]. Modern Radar, 2015, 37(9): 50-54.
[8] 谢宗蕻, 吴师, 王文贵, 等. 一种超宽频共形天线结构的力学性能测试[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报, 2015, 47(6): 811-817.
Xie Zonghong, Wu Shi, Wang Wengui, et al. Mechanical tests on broadband conformal antenna structure[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2015, 47(6): 811-817.
[9] Healey R, Nicholson K J, Wang J, et al. Conformal load-bearing antenna structures—mechanical loading considerations[J]. Sensors, 2022, 22(1): 48.
[10] 张铁纯, 连泽伟, 胡建强, 等. 复合材料天线结构低速冲击损伤与剩余强度[J]. 兵器材料科学与工程, 2023, 46(1): 19-27.
Zhang Tiechun, Lian Zewei, Hu Jianqiang, et al. Low-velocity impact damage and residual strength of composite antenna structures[J]. Ordnance Material Science and Engineering, 2023, 46(1): 19-27.
[11] Galantucci L M, Gravina A, Chita G, et al. Surface treatment for adhesive-bonded joints by excimer laser[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 1996, 27(11): 1041-1049.
[12] Man H C, Li M, Yue T M. Surface treatment of thermoplastic composites with an excimer laser[J]. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 1998, 18(3): 151-157.
[13] Rotel M, Zahavi J, Tamir S, et al. Pre-bonding technology based on excimer laser surface treatment[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2000, 154/155: 610-616.
[14] Molitor P, Barron V, Young T. Surface treatment of titanium for adhesive bonding to polymer composites: a review[J]. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 2001, 21(2): 129-136.
[15] Molitor P, Young T. Investigations into the use of excimer laser irradiation as a titanium alloy surface treatment in a metal to composite adhesive bond[J]. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 2004, 24(2): 127-134.
[16] Bénard Q, Fois M, Grisel M, et al. Surface treatment of carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy composites with an excimer laser beam[J]. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 2006, 26(7): 543-549.
[17] Fischer F, Kreling S, Dilger K. Surface structuring of CFRP by using modern excimer laser sources[J]. Physics Procedia,2012, 39: 154-160.
[18] Kreling S, Fischer F, Delmdahl R, et al. Analytical characterization of CFRP laser treated by excimer laser radiation[J]. Physics Procedia, 2013, 41: 282-290.
[19] 杨文锋, 李俊磊, 曹宇, 等. 激光处理对民机复合材料胶接维修母体表面自由能的影响研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2015, 34(增刊1): 298-302.
Yang Wenfeng, Li Junlei, Cao Yu, et al. Effect of laser processing treatment on bonding repair parent surface free energy of civil aircraft composites[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2015, 34(S1): 298-302.
[20] Köckritz T, Schiefer T, Jansen I, et al. Improving the bond strength at hybrid-yarn textile thermoplastic composites for high-technology applications by laser radiation[J]. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 2013, 46: 85-94.
[21] Palmieri F L, Belcher M A, Wohl C J, et al. Laser ablation surface preparation for adhesive bonding of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites[J]. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 2016, 68: 95-101.
[22] Freund J, Löbbecke M, Delp A, et al. Relationship between laser-generated micro- and nanostructures and the long-term stability of bonded epoxy-aluminum joints[J]. The Journal of Adhesion, 2024, 100(6): 395-425.
[23] Leone C, Genna S. Effects of surface laser treatment on direct co-bonding strength of CFRP laminates[J]. Composite Structures, 2018, 194: 240-251.
[24] Tao Ran, Alfano M, Lubineau G. Laser-based surface patterning of composite plates for improved secondary adhesive bonding[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2018, 109: 84-94.
[25] Shikimoto K, Ishida S, Jinnouchi W, et al. Effect of laser patterning preprocessing on fatigue strength of adhesive bonded joints using thin steel plate[J]. Materials Transactions, 2020, 61(3): 469-474.
[26] Hu Long, Cai Yan, Yang Wenfeng, et al. Laser selective ablated multistep interfacing for enhanced adhesive bonding joints of carbon fiber reinforced polymer materials[J]. Journal of Laser Applications, 2021, 33(4): 042005.
[27] Andarabi A A, Shelesh-Nezhad K, Chakherlou T N. The effect of laser surface structuring patterns on the interfacial resistance of aluminum joints bonded with epoxy adhesive[J]. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 2022, 114: 103101.
[28] ASTM D5528-13Standard testmethod formode Ⅰ interlaminar fracture toughness of unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymermatrix composites[S].
[29] 肖潇, 岳涛, 张铁山. 基于内聚力模型的材料类型对胶接接头力学性能的影响[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2023(12): 28-37.
Xiao Xiao, Yue Tao, Zhang Tieshan. Effect of material type on mechanical properties of bonded joint based on cohesive model[J]. Composites Science and Engineering, 2023(12): 28-37.