COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN ON COMPOSITE ANTI-COLLISION SYSTEM ON RUNYANG CHANGJIANG RIVER HIGHWAY BRIDGE

LIU Wei-qing, FANG Hai, ZHU Lu, ZHUANG Yong

2014, 0(12): 5-12.

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Precise prediction for mechanical behavior of the bridge pier under collision force is important to assess the safety of the bridge and conduct the reasonable anti-collision structural design. Due to the complicated structure and complex external force during the collision, an accurate simulation of the behaviors under the collision currently mainly depends on numerical method. This paper focuses on the Runyang cable-stayed bridge to expand anti-collision design, which is based on the nonlinear finite element of ANSYS/LS-DYNA to simulate the ship′s bow section of 3000t class hitting North Bridge tower column at front, axle to 20° of front and axle to 20° of side. Curves of collision force-period and absorbed-period on different working conditions are summarized. The data was compared with the empirical formula. On the basis of these curves and data, a structural design of anti-collision facility is conducted. Comparing the collision at the anti-collision facilities and the non-anticollision facilities by the finite element, the results show that the empirical formula has different results quitely in different countries, so it must be combined with the finite element to calculate collision force. At the same time, the anti-collision system of D350 has a large anti-collision deformation capacity and good energy absorption cushioning effect. It can weaken the impact force on bow itself and suffered pier. Compared with non-collision facilities, the impact force of pier can fall by 34% at setting anti-collision devices by numerical simulation.

DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION ON COMBINING FRP AND SEA SAND CONCRETE FOR STRUCTURES

FENG Peng, WANG Jie, ZHANG Xiao, YE Lie-ping

2014, 0(12): 13-18.

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The use of sea sand in engineering construction is an effective solution to solve the problem of shortage of building sand in the coastal area not only, and is also reduces environmental impact. Upon review of the existing reinforced sea sand concrete applications, it is clear that there have been many substandard outcomes, primarily due to steel corrosion. Although these problems can be largely avoided by thoroughly washing sea sands with fresh water, the process is extremely water intensive, meaning that its overall usefulness is limited. However, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) materials have both excellent mechanical performance and resistance to chloride-induced corrosion. Using FRP reinforcement and sea sand concrete in concert can avoid corrosion problems entirely. There are already many potential applications for this type of composite structure, and the prospects of further future development are equally good. An innovative FRP-concrete hybrid structural system for use in seaborne engineering is proposed herein. Specifically, this structure aims to fulfill an increasing demand for seaborne and coastal development. Meanwhile, it is also hoped to promote the application of sea sand concrete and FRP in engineering structures.

STUDY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BASALT FIBER NET REINFORCED SEA SAND CEMENTITIOUS THIN PLATE

XIE Yan, DENG Jun, HUANG Li-gen

2014, 0(12): 19-24.

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The use of fiber materials instead of steel in concrete components, not only can enhance the strength, but also can effectively avoid steel corrosion. This paper used basalt fiber net that independent research and development in China to reinforce the sea sand cementitious thin plate. Results show that: the tensile strength of thin plate depend on the tensile strength of basalt fiber net; as well as increased the fiber net layers, the tensile strength of thin plate greatly improved; the tensile strength of fiber reinforced thin plate is slightly lower than steel net reinforced thin plate, but better in ductility. The flexural toughness and flexural capacity of basalt fiber net reinforced thin plate are better than steel net reinforced thin plate, and its equivalent wind load was significantly higher than the specification requirements.

A REVIEW ON INNOVATIVE PULTRUDED FRP COMPOSITE SANDWICH PROFILES AND STRUCTURAL UTILIZATION

QI Yu-jun, XIONG Wei, LIU Wei-qing, LU Wei-dong

2014, 0(12): 25-30.

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Pultruded FRP composite sandwich profiles were made through pultrusion process, with FRP faces outside and light core such as foam and light wood inside. Hence, the advantages of this kind of sandwich profiles are including high strength with light weight, high strength in partial pressing region, high buckling load of FRP faces, productive and stable quality. Alkali-free glass fiber, light wood such as paulownia-wood and cottonwood, unsaturated resin were selected to manufacture pultruted profiles with different sections. And experimental study was carried out for their interfacial, bending and axial compression properties. What′s more, discussion about engineering application of pultruded FRP composite sandwich profiles and introduction about the real project--Yuzhu House--are conducted.

USE OF FRP IN INTEGRATING MULTI-FUNCTIONAL NON-LINEAR ARCHITECTURE

MENG Xin-miao, FENG Peng, HUANG Sheng-nan

2014, 0(12): 31-35.

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Non-linear architecture is getting more and more attention from worldwide architects for its continuous fluidity and perfect fusion with environment. However, it tremendously challenges the traditional construction technology and structural design method. Meanwhile, continuing high energy consumption in tradition buildings calls for better thermal insulation capabilities. FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) including FRP sandwich panel is a new kind of structural material with low density, high strength, convenient construction and excellent designability. In addition, the flexible solar cells cover curved FRP surface to integrate photovoltaic power generation, thermal insulation and other nonstructural functions into high-strength and lightweight structures, which can satisfy the need for energy consumption in non-linear architectures. This paper will summarize the use of FRP in integrating nonstructural functionality into non-linear architecture before, and provide some reference for its application in the future.

ENERGY-ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF FOAM-FILLED GFRP CIRCULAR TUBES UNDER COMPRESSION LOADING

FAN Xue-ming, WANG Lu, LIU Wei-qing, CHEN Hao

2014, 0(12): 36-40.

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Foam-filled circular tube has been widely used in safety design of automobile, spacecraft recovery and so on due to its advantage of high energy absorption. This paper proposed a novel PU foam-filled GFRP circular tube, which was manufactured by means of resin curing process. Based on the axial compression tests, the effects of foam density, tube thickness and tube height on the ultimate compressive strength, axial shortening and energy absorbing capacity were investigated.

INVESTIGATION OF BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE SLAB STRIP RESTARINED BY GFRP WITHOUT INTERNAL REINFORCEMENT

YANG Jian-bin, ZHENG Yu, WEI Mu-wang

2014, 0(12): 41-46.

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A arch-shaped concrete slabs strip without internal reinforcement was proposed in this study based on compressive membrane action (CMA). In this novel structure, glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rods were used as restraint components to develop this membrane action. Therefore, the loading capacity of concrete deck slabs can be enhanced significantly. The behaviour of those concrete strips were studied experimentally. Through the parametric study, it was concluded that the loading mechanism of this slab structure was dependent on internal compressive membrane action and the loading-carrying capacity could be affected significantly by the lateral restraint stiffness. With the application of GFRP material and CMA, the structural durability is improved and the loading-carrying capacity is not affected in this deck structure.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON RECTANGULAR CONCRETE-FILLED FRP-STEEL COMPOSITE TUBE SHORT COLUMNS UNDER AXIAL COMPRESSION

WEI Yang, LI Guo-fen, DUAN Mao-jun

2014, 0(12): 47-51.

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Axial compression loading test of nine rectangular concrete-filled FRP-steel composite tube short columns (CFCTs) were conducted to investigate the effects of rounded corners, the FRP layers and the FRP types on axial compressive performance of CFCTs. The results show that rounded corners can improve the stress concentration effects and the stress distribution of the FRP at the corners of the section, and increase strengthening effects exerted by the FRP. The FRP confinement can delay and suppress local buckling of steel tube, compared to concrete-filled steel tube columns, the strength and the ductility of CFCTs were significantly improved. Comparing the different types of FRP, CFRP exhibits much better effects on the enhancement of the strength and the post-yielding stiffness than BFRP.

CURRENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE APPLICATION OF THE PRE-TIGHTENED TOOTH CONNECTION

ZHAO Qi-lin, GAO Yi-feng, LI Fei

2014, 0(12): 52-56.

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The composite pre-tightened tooth connection is a technique with high efficiency and applied to large bearing components.It has showed a good prospect of applications.This paper summarys research progresses of the composite pre-tightened tooth connection in failure modes, load transfer mechanism and design calculation methods and so on ,and introduces two typical applications of the technique. Finally, the application prospect of the technique is reviewed, and the basic research work which needs to be improved is put forward.

STUDY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TENSIONED FRP JOINTS FOR RAPID INSTALLATION

XIONG Jian-wu, FENG Peng, XU Jin, ZHANG Yan-hua

2014, 0(12): 57-62.

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The mechanical properties of FRP (Fiber-Reinforced Polymer) joints for rapid installation in lightweight bridges have been analyzed. A configuration for tension force joints is presented, and tension test and bridge span test for the joints are completed. It shows that the bearing capacity of FRP joints is sufficient. The improvement of joint is given based on the failure mode in test. Finite element analysis for tested joints is conducted, in which the failure modes and bearing capacity have good agreements with experimental results.

THE DISCRETE RESEARCH ON THE VALUES PREDICTED BY COMPOSITE THEORIES AND MEASURED FOR CARBON FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE RODS

WANG Bin, YANG Yong-xin, YUE Qing-rui, LI Biao

2014, 0(12): 63-67.

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There are some deviations between the result calculated by the mixing formula of the composite theories ([σ]=σ_fV_f+σ_m(1-V_f)) and the measured value of the tensile strength for carbon fiber reinforced composite (CFRP) rods. Combining with a large number of experiments, the paper studied the evolution of different interfacial adhesion for CFRP rods, different strength and volumes for carbon fiber and plastics, different dimensions and morphology for CFRP rods on the result calculated by the mixing formula of the composite theories and the measured value of the tensile strength for CFRP rods, and evaluated the affecting of these factors. The correction factor for the formula of tensile strength of composite theories mixing rate was put forward.

EFFECTS OF WATER IMMERSION ON THE WATER UPTAKE AND SHEAR STRENGTH OF PULTRUDED CARBON FIBER REINFORCED EPOXY RODS

HAO Xin-kai, HUANG Sheng-de, ZHANG Hong-wei, XIAN Gui-jun

2014, 0(12): 68-73.

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In the present article, pultruded carbon fiber reinforced epoxy rods were immersed in distilled water at 20℃ and 60℃, and the water uptake and the variation of the shear strength were investigated. As found, increasing in the immersion temperatures leads to the higher coefficient of water diffusion. The coefficient of the water diffusion along the fibers is higher than that transverse to the fibers. After seven days of immersion, the shear strength of the rods shows remarkable reduction. Further extension of the immersion time brings in a slight increase in the shear strength at 20℃, but a slow decrease at 60℃. Compared to the rods prepared with Toray-T300 carbon fibers, the rods with carbon fibers from one Chinese company possesses higher shear strength, but exhibits to be more susceptible to the water immersion.

FLEXUAL BEHAVIOR OF GFRP SHEETS IMMERSED IN WATER BASED ON MICROSTRUCTURE ANALYSIS

HUANG Yang, FANG Yuan, LIU Wei-qing, YANG Shu-lan

2014, 0(12): 74-78.

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The glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheets were immersed in deionized water and saline solution at room temperature. The durability of GFRP sheets in clear water and saline solution was studied by changes in mass gains, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and aging thickness. The results showed that the mass gains increases with time and then tend to be stable in both solutions. The mass gains of GFRP sheets in deionized water are about 2 times than that in saline solution. The modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of GFRP sheets which marinated in deionized water and saline solution increase in the early stage and then decline. The aging thickness of GFRP sheets immersion in deionized water was higher than that immersed in saline solution at the same immersion time.

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE ANCHORAGE PERFORMANCE OF CFRP BARS

LI Biao, YANG Yong-xin, YUE Qing-rui

2014, 0(12): 79-83.

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In order to improve the performance of bond-type anchorage systems for CFRP bars, the influence of bonding medium, different surface shape of CFRP bars, anchor length, anchor end treatment on the anchorage performance are studied by static test. Test results show that epoxy structural adhesive anchorage properties of CFRP bars is better and expansion concrete is poor in the same situation. The surface shape of CFRP bars is significant to the anchorage performance. Further, the anchorage performance of epoxy film adhering sand is the best and polishing processing is the worst. 5mm and 7mm light round bars are recommended epoxy film adhesive sand. When anchoring length is 250mm, anchorage performance is the best. For 8mm and 16mm threaded bars, when epoxy sticky sand, anchoring length of 250mm and 330mm, it can give full play to the performance of the material.

INVESTIGATION OF THEORETICAL PREDICTION METHOD OF PUNCHING-SHEAR CAPACITY IN GFRP REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE DECK SLABS

ZHENG Yu, SUN Can, YANG Jian-bin, DENG Tuo

2014, 0(12): 84-90.

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The structural degeneration problems of reinforced concrete bridge deck slabs due to the corrosion of steel reinforcement can be solved by the replacement reinforcing material such as glass fiber polymer reinforcement (GFRP). In the previous research of concrete deck slabs, it was found that punching failure was the common failure mode. In this study, several theoretical models, such as current design codes and methods in literatures, were used to predict the ultimate strengths in the test results of GFRP reinforced concrete deck slabs. In the comparison of prediction results with the test results, it was found that most of theoretical models could not predict the punching capacity accurately, which the empirical equations were based on the experimental tests of simply supported structures. A theoretical method with consideration of arching action previously proposed by authors showed good coloration with the punching capacities from the tests. In the analytical study, it was shown that high reinforcement percentage and small span-to-depth ratio resulted in shear punching failure but not flexural punching failure in GFRP reinforced concrete bridge deck slabs. Therefore, a simplified theoretical method was proposed in this paper. The prediction results from this method showed good agreement with the test results.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED FOAM CORE COMPOSITE SANDWICH STRUCTURES

WANG Hui, QI Yu-jun, LIU Wei-qing

2014, 0(12): 91-96.

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Reinforcement is necessary for the foam core composite sandwich structure because of the poor shear performance of the foam core. This paper presented several kinds of reinforced composite structures including their difference in design principles, their contributions to the interfacial property and shear behavior as well as their limitations. What′s more, three point bending tests were conducted on the diaphragm reinforced foam core sandwich beams made through vacuum infusion process, in order to study the impact of the reinforced measure and the diaphragm span on the shear behavior. The experimental results showed that the existence of diaphragms may enhance beams′ ductility, and the shorter the diaphragm span, the more enhancement in ductility, hence, the brittleness of foam core sandwich structure were greatly improved. However, there was little increase in strength and rigidity, which is similar to the experimental result of 90° stitch addition in sandwich structure. The diaphragm reinforced structure is simple made and well designed, and the change from diaphragm to inclined or biaxial diaphragm reinforced foam core composite structure may not only enhance its strength and rigidity, but also remain its advantage in ductility.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FLEXURAL PERFORMANCE OF PULTRUDED COMPOSITE SANDWICH BRIDGE DECKS

XIONG Wei, QI Yu-jun, LIU Wei-qing, SHI Dong

2014, 0(12): 97-100.

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Pultruded composite sandwich bridge decks are manufactured by pultrusion process, which have a series of advantages, such as high strength, stiffness, durability and production efficiency, etc. Poplar wood, alkali-free glass fiber and unsaturated polyester resin were selected to manufacture pultruded composite sandwich bridge decks. The flexural mechanical performance and failure modes of pultruded composite sandwich bridge decks were investigated using three-point bending test. Compared with pultruded GFRP hollow bridge decks, the bearing capacity and bending stiffness of pultruded composite sandwich bridge deck increased to 87% and 24%, respectively.

DESIGN OF A GFRP PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE

YUAN Jian-chao, REN Si-nan, XIONG Hao, LIU Bao-liang

2014, 0(12): 101-112.

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To study the application of composite materials in bridge construction, a GFRP pedestrian bridge in Tianjin was taken as the research object, by using ANSYS 11.0 to build the bridge finite element model for checking and analyzing its structure. The results showed that composites bridge can meet current regulatory requirements, through reasonable structural and material design. At last, some principles of design and joints connecting were discussed, because they are the most complex problem in the design process. According to the current development of composite materials and the deterioration of domestic environment, the application prospect of composite bridges will put forward.

Industry information contents

2014, 0(12): 113-126.

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