Abstract: In order to study the influence law of the mechanical characteristics of the buried semi-elliptical sand-filled arch structure. The self-made model box is used to carry out the loading test of the buried characteristics of the arch structure, and the hoop strain and vertical displacement are tested, and the ABAQUS numerical calculation model of the buried semi-elliptical sand-incorporated arch structure was established and the accuracy is verified. The finite element method is used to study the influence of different rise-span ratios, soil cover heights and arch foot restraint states on the stress and deformation of the arch structure. The results show that when the four rise-span ratios change between 0.30 and 0.45, the positions of the vault and the vault are the key positions for the stress and deformation of the arch structure. When the height of the covering soil changes from 60 cm, 90 cm and 120 cm, increasing the height of the covering soil can play a better role in reducing the load of the arch structure. When the arch foot is converted from unconstrained to semi-constrained and fully-constrained state, the most unfavorable position of the arch structure is shifted from the top of the arch to the foot of the arch, which is beneficial to the overall force of the structure. In the design and construction of sand-filled arch structure, the most unfavorable position of the force can be used as the safety control point, and attention should be paid to the stress concentration of the arch structure, while taking means such as load reduction to avoid damage to the structure.

Key words: sand trapped arch structure, force and deformation, numerical simulation, vector-to-span ratio, overburden height, arch foot constraint, composites