Abstract: Silica (SiO₂) aerogels exhibit excellent thermal insulation properties owing to their unique nanostructure, and have been widely used in the field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, their practical applications in high-temperature parts of engines are severely restricted by the limitation that their long-term service temperature cannot exceed 650 ℃. The type and reaction characteristics of silicon precursors determine the particle size and crystal phase of SiO₂ aerogel nanoparticles. At elevated temperatures, the shrinkage and collapse of nanoporous structures, as well as crystal phase transitions, significantly affect their thermal stability. This paper reviews the research progress on the high-temperature resistance of SiO₂ aerogels prepared from organosilicates, doped precursors, inorganic precursors and crystalline precursors. Research has shown that the high-temperature resistance of SiO₂ aerogels can be improved to above 1 200 ℃ through modification strategies such as element doping, increasing the particle size of SiO₂ sol particles, and regulating the crystal form of precursor particles. Combined with the current research status, the future development directions of high-temperature-resistant SiO₂ aerogels are discussed.

Key words: unmanned aerial vehicles, SiO₂ aerogel, high-temperature resistant properties, silicon sources, precursor