Study on structure and properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites toughened with short aramid fiber veil interlayers

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20250528.002

Abstract

Abstract: For the purpose of enhancing the interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy resin (CF/EP) composites, fibrillated short aramid fiber veils (AFV) were prepared by wet netting process in this work and the influence of the areal density of AFV on the interlaminar properties of the CF/EP composites was investigated, with observing the cross-section morphology of CF/EP composites to explore its toughening mechanism. The results demonstrate that the CF/EP composites toughened by 3 g/m² AFV improve the G_ⅠC and G_ⅡC values by 60.6% and 69.7%, respectively, meanwhile, the interlaminar shear properties were improved notably. Combined with SEM analysis, the fibrillation aramid fibers show fiber bridging, fiber pullout, fiber breakage, and longitudinal tearing under stress, thus making the crack path more tortuous and absorbing more energy, the interlayer toughness of CF/EP composites materials is improved.

Key words: fibrillation short aramid fiber veil, carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites, interlaminar fracture toughness, fiber bridging, fiber longitudinal tear

CLC Number:

TB332

PENG Yanshuang, XUE Yi, YANG Zehao, ZHAO Qingzhi, ZHANG Wenqiang, FENG Yangyang, LIU Yong, ZHANG Hui, YU Jianyong. Study on structure and properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites toughened with short aramid fiber veil interlayers[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2025, 0(5): 15-21.

References

[1] ZHANG J, LIN G, VAIDYA U, et al. Past, present and future prospective of global carbon fiber composite developments and applications[J].Composites Part B: Engineering, 2023, 250: 110463.
[2] 钱若霖, 黄春晖. 碳纤维复合材料在土木加固工程中的应用研究[J].合成材料老化与应用, 2023, 52(6): 117-119.
[3] 吴雄, 蔡炜, 李健, 等. 电力纤维增强复合材料应用进展[J].复合材料科学与工程, 2021(11): 116-128.
[4] 周骐, 丁新静, 苏亚玎. 碳纤维复合材料在轨道交通领域中的应用[J].纤维复合材料, 2021, 38(4): 90-94.
[5] 董慧民, 益小苏, 安学锋, 等. 纤维增强热固性聚合物基复合材料层间增韧研究进展[J].复合材料学报, 2014, 31(2): 273-285.
[6] YIN X, XIE Z, LIU Q, et al. Synergistic toughening of epoxy resin by CTBN and CM-β-CD[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2021, 138: 51248.
[7] SUN Z, XU L, CHEN Z, et al. Enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy resin via blending with thermoplastic polysulfone[J].Polymers, 2019, 11(3): 461.
[8] LUO J, YANG X, XUE Y, et al. Simultaneous optimization of the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of epoxy resin composites through PES and AgNP functionalized BNs[J].Composites Part B: Engineering, 2023, 248: 110373.
[9] MOUSAVI S R, ESTAJI S, PAYDAYESH A, et al. A review of recent progress in improving the fracture toughness of epoxy-based composites using carbonaceous nanofillers[J].Polymer Composites, 2022, 43(4): 1871-1886.
[10] 黄壮, 阳泽濠, 施燕华, 等. 聚醚砜/碳纳米管对环氧树脂的协同增韧[J].工程塑料应用, 2021, 49(3): 7-13.
[11] 张代军, 包建文, 钟翔屿, 等. 聚醚砜超细纤维无纺布层间增韧碳纤维环氧复合材料制备与表征[J].复合材料学报, 2022, 39(8): 3767-3775.
[12] CHENG C, ZHANG C, ZHOU J, et al. Improving the interlaminar toughness of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites via interleaved with polyethersulfone porous films[J].Composites Science and Technology, 2019, 183: 107827.
[13] XUE Y, LI Z, LUO J, et al. Simultaneous toughening and strengthening of CF/EP composites through bi-component thermoplastics with hybrid phases between composite layers[J].Composites Part B: Engineering, 2024, 274: 111286.
[14] HUANG Y, LIU W, JIANG Q, et al. Interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites toughened by poly (phenylene oxide) particles[J].ACS Applied Polymer Materials, 2020, 2(8): 3114-3121.
[15] SONG X, GAO J, ZHENG N, et al. Interlaminar toughening in carbon fiber/epoxy composites interleaved with CNT-decorated polycaprolactone nanofibers[J].Composites Communications, 2021, 24: 100622.
[16] CHENG C, CHEN Z, HUANG Z, et al. Simultaneously improving mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminates via interleaved with uniformly aligned PES fiber webs[J].Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2020, 129: 105696.
[17] 刘晓军, 战丽, 邹爱玲, 等. 纤维增强复合材料层间增韧技术研究进展[J].复合材料科学与工程, 2022(1): 117-128.
[18] BECKERMANN G W, PICKERING K L. Mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture toughness of composite laminates interleaved with electrospun nanofibre veils[J].Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2015, 72: 11-21.
[19] 李伟, 曹应民, 张电子, 等. 短切芳纶纤维增强复合材料的研究进展[J].工程塑料应用, 2010, 38(9): 86-88.
[20] 翁添虎, 祖磊, 曹东风, 等. 无纺布增强碳纤维层合板Ⅰ型层间断裂韧性研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料, 2018(6): 22-27.
[21] 康少付, 李进, 瞿立, 等. 共聚酯无纺布定型-增韧碳纤维复合材料的制备及力学性能[J].复合材料科学与工程, 2020(4): 53-59.
[22] YUAN B, YE M, HU Y, et al. Flexure and flexure-after-impact properties of carbon fibre composites interleaved with ultra-thin non-woven aramid fibre veils[J].Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2020, 131: 105813.
[23] AKBOLAT M Ç, KATNAM K B, SOUTIS C, et al. On mode-Ⅰ and mode-Ⅱ interlaminar crack migration and R-curves in carbon/epoxy laminates with hybrid toughening via core-shell rubber particles and thermoplastic micro-fibre veils[J].Composites Part B: Engineering, 2022, 238: 109900.
[24] 郑昊, 李岩, 涂昊昀. 短纤维插层碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料层间性能研究[J].复合材料学报, 2022, 39(8): 3674-3683.
[25] 汪永安. 短切纤维层间增韧碳纤维复合材料的制备与力学性能研究[D].杭州: 浙江理工大学, 2023.
[26] LIU W, LI W, MA C, et al. Study on properties of interlayer short fiber reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminates[J].Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019, 1215(1): 012040.〗[27] SOHN M-S, HU X-Z. Mode Ⅱ delamination toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites with chopped kevlar fiber reinforcement[J].Composites Science and Technology, 1994, 52(3): 439-448.
[28] NI N, WEN Y, HE D, et al. High damping and high stiffness CFRP composites with aramid non-woven fabric interlayers[J].Composites Science and Technology, 2015, 117: 92-99.
[29] 曾塘玉, 马传国, 向阳, 等. BN粒子改性PVDF电纺纤维膜插层增强碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料层间韧性[J].复合材料科学与工程, 2024(4): 26-32.
[30] PRASAD V, SEKAR K, VARGHESE S, et al. Enhancing mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture toughness of flax fibre reinforced epoxy composites with nano TiO₂[J].Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2019, 124: 105505.
[31] BEYLERGIL B, TANOĞLU M, AKTAS E. Mode-Ⅰ fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites interleaved by aramid nonwoven veils[J].Steel and Composite Structures, 2019, 31(2): 113-123.
[32] 李朝阳, 薛怿, 阳泽濠, 等. 聚醚砜多孔纤维网纱层间增韧碳纤维/环氧复合材料的性能[J].材料研究学报, 2023, 38(1): 33-42.
[33] 刘浩洋, 吕超雨, 石姗姗, 等. 芳纶纤维增韧碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料-铝蜂窝夹芯结构界面性能和增韧机制[J].复合材料学报, 2022, 39(2): 559-567.
[34] WANG Y, LIU X, CHEN L, et al. Simultaneously improve the mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture toughness, flexural properties and impact strength of CFRP composites with short aramid fiber interlaminar tou-ghening[J].Polymer Composites, 2022, 43(11): 8437-8442.