抽芯铆钉多钉连接复合材料搭接板的失效特征研究

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260728.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文通过单剪多钉连接拉伸试验与仿真分析,研究了沉头抽芯铆钉多钉连接的复合材料搭接板的承载能力,重点探讨搭接高度和铆钉排列形式的影响。试验结果表明,破坏形式主要为铆钉钉体断裂及层合板局部损伤,铆钉断裂由层合板剪切作用导致,层合板损伤源于铆钉孔边挤压。研究发现,搭接高度与承载能力无明显正相关性,不同排列方式因铆钉数量不同而承载能力各异,平行排列承载能力较交错排列高。此外,使用强度更高的T700碳纤维复合材料搭接板,并未提升多钉连接结构的承载能力,反而因应力集中和载荷分配不均,较T300碳纤维复合材料搭接板承载能力降低。

关键词: 抽芯铆钉, 多钉连接, 复合材料, 承载特性, 单剪拉伸试验, 有限元分析

Abstract: This study investigated the load-bearing capacity of composite laminated lap joints with multi-rivet countersunk pull-through connections through single-shear multi-rivet tensile testing and simulation analysis, focusing on the effects of overlap height and rivet arrangement patterns. The experimental results showed that the primary failure modes were rivet shank fracture and localized damage in the laminate. The rivet fracture was caused by the shear action of the laminate, while the laminate damage originated from bearing stress around the rivet holes. The study found no significant positive correlation between overlap height and load-bearing capacity. Different arrangement patterns exhibited varying load-bearing capacities due to differences in rivet quantity, with parallel arrangements demonstrating higher capacity than staggered ones. Additionally, using T700 carbon fiber composite lap joints, despite their higher tensile strength, did not improve the load-bearing capacity of the multi-rivet connection structure. Instead, due to stress concentration and uneven load distribution, the T700 joints exhibited reduced capacity compared to T300 carbon fiber composite lap joints.

Key words: core pulling rivet, multi-rivet connection, composite material, bearing characteristics, simple shear tensile test, finite element analysis

中图分类号:

TB332

张恒, 董炜璘, 熊若钦, 王润泽, 杨晨, 耿小亮, 李林松, 杨晋, 刘军. 抽芯铆钉多钉连接复合材料搭接板的失效特征研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(7): 108-116.

ZHANG Heng, DONG Weilin, XIONG Ruoqin, WANG Runze, YANG Chen, GENG Xiaoliang, LI Linsong, YANG Jin, LIU Jun. Study on failure characteristics of multi-rivet joints in composite lap plates using blind rivets[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(7): 108-116.

参考文献

[1] 沈观林, 胡更开. 复合材料力学[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2006.
Shen Guanlin, Hu Gengkai. Mechanics of composite materials[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2006.
[2] 申洋, 张鑫焱. 复合材料层合板单钉连接件强度试验与模拟[J]. 强度与环境, 2023, 50(4): 15-23.
Shen Yang, Zhang Xinyan. Strength test and analysis of single nail connectors for composite laminates[J]. Structure & Environment Engineering, 2023, 50(4): 15-23.
[3] 仇刚, 朱福先, 朱兴民, 等. 碳/玻混杂复合材料层合板单钉螺栓连接孔边应力分析[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2023(3): 18-26.
Qiu Gang, Zhu Fuxian, Zhu Xingmin, et al. Stress analysis on the hole edge of carbon/glass hybrid composite single bolted joint[J]. Composites Science and Engineering, 2023(3): 18-26.
[4] 王坤. 复合材料层合板与金属板单钉连接强度影响因素研究[D]. 广汉: 中国民用航空飞行学院, 2020.
Wang Kun. Research of influence factors on the strength of single bolt joint of composite laminate and metal plate[D]. Guanghan: Civil Aviation Flight University of China, 2020.
[5] 钟茂平. 配合精度对复合材料螺栓连接静强度的影响研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2020.
Zhong Maoping. Research on effect of clearance and interference on static strength of composite bolted joints[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020.
[6] 袁野. 复合材料厚板单钉连接强度研究及失效区分析[J]. 科学技术创新, 2018(14): 13-14.
Yuan Ye. Study on strength and failure zone analysis of single nail connection of composite thick plate[J]. Scientific and Technological Innovation, 2018(14): 13-14.
[7] 刘通, 许希武, 林智育. 复合材料厚板单钉螺栓连接强度研究[J]. 机械强度, 2017, 39(2): 353-359.
Liu Tong, Xu Xiwu, Lin Zhiyu. Research on the thick composite laminate bolt joint strength[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength, 2017, 39(2): 353-359.
[8] Giannopoulos I K, Doroni-Dawes D, Kourousis K I, et al. Effects of bolt torque tightening on the strength and fatigue life of airframe FRP laminate bolted joints[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2017, 125: 19-26.
[9] 崔九洋, 赵江铭, 郑思民, 等. 复合材料-钛合金带衬套螺栓连接拉伸性能的数值模拟分析[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2025(7): 19-26.
Cui Jiuyang, Zhao Jiangming, Zheng Simin, et al. Numerical simulation on the tensile properties of composite titanium alloy bolted connections with sleeve[J]. Composites Science and Engineering, 2025(7): 19-26.
[10] 刘峰, 王坤, 周建国, 等. 拧紧力矩对复合材料层合板与金属板连接强度影响[J]. 空军工程大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 21(6): 13-18.
Liu Feng, Wang Kun, Zhou Jianguo, et al. Influence of tightening torque on the joint strength of composite laminate and metal plate[J]. Journal of Air Force Engineering University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 21(6): 13-18.
[11] 拓宏亮, 马晓平, 卢智先. 基于连续介质损伤模型的复合材料连接件失效分析[J]. 西北工业大学学报, 2018, 36(5): 848-855.
Tuo Hongliang, Ma Xiaoping, Lu Zhixian. Failure analysis of composite pinned joints based on continuum damage mechanics[J]. Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2018, 36(5): 848-855.
[12] 梅俊杰. 复合材料螺栓连接的数值分析与强度预测[D]. 武汉: 武汉理工大学, 2017.
Mei Junjie. Numerical analysis and strength prediction of composite bolted joint[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2017.
[13] Zhang Hanyu, Zhang Lei, Liu Zhao, et al. Research in failure behaviors of hybrid single lap aluminum-CFRP (plain woven)joints[J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2021, 161: 107488.
[14] Chen Yiwei, Yang Xujing, Li Maojun, et al. Mechanical behavior and progressive failure analysis of riveted, bonded and hybrid joints with CFRP-aluminum dissimilar materials[J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2019, 139: 271-280.
[15] Li Ming, Tian Wei, Hu Junshan, et al. Study on shear behavior of riveted lap joints of aircraft fuselage with different hole diameters and squeeze forces[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2021, 127: 105499.
[16] Liu Yunpeng, Ma Yunwu, Lou Ming, et al. Formation mechanism and mechanical strength evaluation of hybrid riveted/solid-state bonded aluminium alloy joint[J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2023, 190: 110976.
[17] 李玺, 李亚智, 磨承杰, 等. 基于连续损伤力学的复合材料多钉连接失效分析和试验研究[J]. 机械强度, 2022, 44(4): 911-920.
Li Xi, Li Yazhi, Mo Chengjie, et al. Failure analysis and experimental study of composite multi-pin connections based on continuum damage mechanics[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength, 2022, 44(4): 911-920.
[18] 史云泽, 严仁军, 邱屿. 复合材料夹芯板多钉连接结构孔周应力分布研究[J]. 武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版), 2023, 47(3): 479-483.
Shi Yunze, Yan Renjun, Qiu Yu. Research on stress distributionaround hole of multi-nail connection structure of composite sandwich panel[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science & Engineering), 2023, 47(3): 479-483.
[19] 刘同. 复合材料厚板多钉连接强度研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2018.
Liu Tong. Research on bearing strength of thick composite laminates with multiple bolted joints[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018.
[20] 彭湃, 赵美英, 江红星. 复合材料多钉连接结构自动建模与钉载分析技术研究[J]. 机械科学与技术, 2015, 34(6): 974-977.
Peng Pai, Zhao Meiying, Jiang Hongxing. Research on the auto-modeling and analytic method of load distribution for multi-bolt joints in composite structures[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, 2015, 34(6): 974-977.
[21] Ozen M, Sayman O. Failure loads of mechanical fastened pinned and bolted composite joints with two serial holes[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2011, 42(2): 264-274.
[22] 郑艳萍, 李明坤, 熊勇坚, 等. 复合材料双钉胶-螺混合连接结构参数对失效载荷的影响[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2021(4): 18-27.
Zheng Yanping, Li Mingkun, Xiong Yongjian, et al. Influence of structural parameters of composite double-bolt hybrid bolted/bonded joints on failure load[J]. Composites Science and Engineering, 2021(4): 18-27.
[23] 李伟. 航空复合材料机械连接多钉双剪连接技术[J]. 科学技术创新, 2024(10): 215-218.
Li Wei. Multi-nail and double-shear joint technology for mechanical connection of aviation composite materials[J]. Scientific and Technological Innovation, 2024(10): 215-218.