3D打印连续碳纤维增强尼龙复合预浸丝材制备工艺研究

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260528.014

复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5): 104-115.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260528.014

3D打印连续碳纤维增强尼龙复合预浸丝材制备工艺研究

王宇轩¹, 连利仙^1*, 杨东², 何泰君², 范聪泽³, 宋文哲⁴, 陈芳²

1.四川大学材料科学与工程学院,成都 610040;
2.成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司,成都 610073;
3.南京航空航天大学机电学院,南京 210006;
4.南京航空航天大学材料学院,南京 210006

收稿日期:2025-03-25 出版日期:2026-05-28 发布日期:2026-07-01
通讯作者: 连利仙(1976—),女,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为稀土钒钛新材料、高温合金、增材制造、核工程材料等,lianlixian@scu.edu.cn。
作者简介:王宇轩(2000—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为非金属增材制造。
基金资助:
航空国创基金(010601012501)

Fabrication process research of 3D-printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced nylon composite prepreg filaments

WANG Yuxuan¹, LIAN Lixian^1*, YANG Dong², HE Taijun², FAN Congze³, SONG Wenzhe⁴, CHEN Fang²

1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610040, China;
2. Chengdu Aircraft Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610073, China;
3. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210006, China;
4. College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210006, China

Received:2025-03-25 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2026-07-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了提高连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料在增材制造技术中的树脂浸渍性能并降低孔隙率,实现打印样件力学性能增强,本研究采用热力耦合工艺制备了连续碳纤维/尼龙6(CCF/PA6)预浸丝材,采用正交试验设计不同的工艺参数组别,并通过对不同正交组别的拉伸性能、结晶度、微观形貌以及孔隙率进行极差分析,得出不同性能的最佳成型工艺参数。结果表明,经充分浸渍的预浸丝材拉伸强度可达691.37 MPa,最大结晶度为31.91%,最小孔隙率为1.28%。同时,采用最优工艺参数下的预浸丝材进行FDM打印工艺验证,通过力学试验和弯曲样件断裂面微观形貌对打印样件性能进行分析。结果表明,较低的打印层厚、较小的道间距以及较高的打印温度可提高打印样件的力学性能。

关键词: 碳纤维, 尼龙6, 复合材料, 预浸丝材, 拉伸性能, 结晶度, 孔隙率

Abstract: To enhance the resin impregnation efficiency and reduce porosity in continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites for additive manufacturing, thereby improving the mechanical properties of printed parts, this study employed a thermo-mechanical coupled process to fabricate continuous carbon fiber/nylon(CCF/PA6) prepreg filaments. Orthogonal experimental design was adopted to evaluate different parameter combinations, followed by range analysis of tensile properties, crystallinity, micromorphology, and porosity to determine the optimal forming parameters for different performance levels. Results demonstrated that fully impregnated filaments achieved a tensile strength of 691.37 MPa, a maximum crystallinity of 31.91%, and a minimum porosity of 1.28%. Furthermore, FDM printing validation using the optimized filaments revealed that lower layer thickness, reduced road spacing, and higher printing temperature significantly improved the mechanical performance of printed specimens, as confirmed by mechanical testing and fracture surface analysis.

Key words: carbon fiber, nylon, composite materials, pre-impregnated filaments, tensile properties, crystallinity, porosity

中图分类号:

TB332

王宇轩, 连利仙, 杨东, 何泰君, 范聪泽, 宋文哲, 陈芳. 3D打印连续碳纤维增强尼龙复合预浸丝材制备工艺研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(5): 104-115.

WANG Yuxuan, LIAN Lixian, YANG Dong, HE Taijun, FAN Congze, SONG Wenzhe, CHEN Fang. Fabrication process research of 3D-printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced nylon composite prepreg filaments[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(5): 104-115.

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3D打印连续碳纤维增强尼龙复合预浸丝材制备工艺研究

Fabrication process research of 3D-printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced nylon composite prepreg filaments

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