考虑拉伸和弯曲载荷的多工况CFRP-Al胶接结构多目标优化设计

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20250728.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)与铝合金(Al)胶接而成的单搭接胶接结构,由于缺乏拉伸载荷和弯曲载荷作用下力学性能和损伤行为的系统性研究,其连接性能和可靠性的进一步提升受到限制。本研究建立了CFRP-Al单搭接胶接结构有限元模型,分析了拉伸载荷及三点弯曲载荷作用下胶接结构力学响应和损伤分布。其中,采用三维Hashin失效准则和内聚力模型分别模拟CFRP层内损伤、层间损伤及胶层损伤的演化过程,并与试验对比分析,验证损伤模型的有效性。之后,基于胶接参数构建以拉伸强度、剪切强度及弯曲强度为优化目标的多目标优化代理模型,代理模型结果与仿真结果最大相对误差为2.57%,验证了代理模型的准确性。在此基础上,采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对代理模型迭代优化,获得三维分布Pareto最优解集,与初始模型相比,优化后胶接结构拉伸强度、剪切强度及弯曲强度分别提高7.34%、24.12%和9.51%,实现了胶接结构综合连接性能的有效提升,该研究可为胶接结构可靠性优化设计提供参考。

关键词: 复合材料/铝合金, 胶接结构, 拉伸载荷, 三点弯曲载荷, 遗传算法, 多目标优化

Abstract: Due to the lack of systematic research on mechanical properties and damage behavior of the single lap bonded structures made of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite (CFRP) and aluminum alloy (Al) under tensile and bending loads, the further improvement of the bonding properties and reliability is limited. In this study, the finite element model of CFRP-Al single lap bonded structure was established, and the mechanical response and damage distribution of the bonded structure under tensile load and three-point bending load were analyzed. Three-dimensional Hashin failure criterion and cohesive zone model were used to simulate the evolution process of intra-layer damage, interlayer damage and adhesive damage of CFRP, and the validity of the damage model was verified by comparison and analysis with experiments. Then, based on the bonding parameters, a multi-objective optimization proxy model with tensile strength, shear strength and bending strength as optimization objectives was constructed. The maximum relative error between the results of the proxy model and the simulation results was 2.57%, which verified the accuracy of the proxy model. On this basis, NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm was used to iteratively optimize the proxy model, and the three-dimensional distributed Pareto optimal solution set was obtained. Compared with the initial model, the optimized tensile strength, shear strength and bending strength of the bonded structure were increased by 7.34%, 24.12% and 9.51%, respectively, and the comprehensive connection performance of the bonded structure was effectively improved. This study provides a reference for reliability optimization design of bonded structures.

Key words: composite materials/aluminum alloy, bonded structure, tensile load, three point bending load, genetic algorithm, multi-objective optimization

中图分类号:

TB332

吴汪箭, 游有鹏, 朱如鹏, 王旦. 考虑拉伸和弯曲载荷的多工况CFRP-Al胶接结构多目标优化设计[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2025, 0(7): 79-90.

WU Wangjian, YOU Youpeng, ZHU Rupeng, WANG Dan. Multi-objective optimization design of CFRP-Al bonded structures under multiple working conditions considering tensile and bending loads[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2025, 0(7): 79-90.

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