COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF ALUMINUM HONEYCOMB SANDWICHPLATE UNDER LOW SPEED IMPACT

QI Jia-qi, DUAN Yue-chen, LI Cheng, TIE Ying

2019, 0(5): 5-11.

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In order to study the dynamic response of aluminum honeycomb sandwich plate under low speed impact, the damage deformation of low speed impact aluminum honeycomb sandwich plate with hemispheric head cylinder was analyzed by finite element simulation software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The fine simulation model of aluminum honeycomb sandwich plate with face sheet, honeycomb core and cohesive layer was established. The accuracy of the model was verified by comparison with the test results in the literature. The impact response of aluminum honeycomb core unit size and height as well as metal and carbon fiber reinforced composite (CFRP) were studied. The results show that the sandwich plate of larger size of aluminum honeycomb core unit has lower stiffness and stability. The core height has little effect on energy absorption. The influence of cohesive layer on energy absorption cannot be neglected. The energy absorption performance of aluminum honeycomb sandwich panel with CFRP face sheet is better than that of aluminum face sheet.

RESEARCH ON STRUCTURE DESIGN AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGYOF THIN-WALLED LINER COMPOSITE MATERIAL BARREL

HUANG Tong, GUO Bao-quan, LUAN Cheng-long, ZHU Jia-xuan

2019, 0(5): 12-17.

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In order to explore the application of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials in the design of single-barrel weapons, the structure design and process technology of thin-walled carbon fiber reinforced composite material launching tube were studied. Firstly, based on the elastic theory and grid theory, the thickness calculation models of thin-walled inner liner and carbon fiber reinforcement layer are established respectively. Secondly, based on the damage process of fiber reinforced composites, the failure mode of the composite barrel is analyzed, and the influence of the Tsai-Wu strength criterion (without distinguishing the failure form) and the Hashin strength criterion (distinguishing the failure form) on the design of composite barrel is discussed. Finally, the winding process flow of the composite material launching cylinder is expounded, and the influence of the laminating method and the winding tension on the filament winding process is analyzed. The research results can provide reference for the design and processing of composite material launch barrel and fiber reinforced composite cylinder structures.

MECHANICAL PROPERTY EXPERIMENTS AND CALCULATION FORMULAS OFFIBER-REINFORCED RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE

FANG Sheng-en, HONG Hua-shan, ZHANG Pei-hui

2019, 0(5): 18-24.

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Recycled aggregate concrete(RAC) reinforced by different type of fibers was prepared for experimental specimens in order to measure the mechanical properties such as compressive strengths, splitting tensile strengths and elastic modulus. The mechanical properties were then compared with those of normal concrete. Meanwhile, the optimal amount of basalt fibers(BFs) to RAC was also investigated and the strength conversion formulas, as well as the calculation formulas for mechanical indices, were deducted based on the experimental measurements. Experimental results demonstrate that under an identical mixture ratio, the compressive strengths and splitting tensile strengths of RAC without fibers could be greater than those of normal concrete due to the fact that the water absorption of recycled aggregates induces a practically lower water-cement ratio. Meanwhile, non-optimal ratios and inhomogeneous distributions of fibers could decrease the compressive strengths of fiber-reinforced RAC. Additionally, BFs showed little contributions to the mechanical properties of RAC and in some cases reduction effect could happen. The optimal amount of BFs to the cubic compressive strengths was 0.1%. However, the optimal amounts to the other three mechanical indices were all 0.2%. Lastly, it was found that the proposed calculation formulas for the mechanical properties of BF-reinforced RAC presented satisfactory performance and thus could be used as a reference in practice.

RESEARCH ON A RESIN MIXING AND IMPREGNATINGSYSTEM FOR FILAMENT WINDING ON LINE

ZHAN Dong-zhi, HAN Xiao-yan, HUAN Da-jun, XIAO Jun

2019, 0(5): 25-30.

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Due to the limitation of the shelf-life, the curing agent content and the fluctuation of the resin content in the present wet-wound winding, we propose a winding resin automatic mixing and impregnating solution. The PLC controls the flow speed of the two peristaltic pumps to transport the resin and curing agent to the dynamic mixer to achieve an accurate ratio, the fiber output speed sampled by the encoder is input to the PLC to control the total amount of resin to ensure the resin content in tows, and a resin automatic mixing and impregnating system on line is built. The preliminary testing results demonstrate that the system can achieve online continuous automatic impregnation of resin with no applicable period limitation. The error between theoretical and experimental values of resin and curing agent at different winding speeds is within ±2%.

RESEARCH ON THE INFRARED TESTING TECHNOLOGY FOR DEFECTIN THE Z-PIN REINFORCED COMPOSITE LAMINATES

MENG Ling-min, ZHOU Ke-yin, WANG Chong-gao, LI Yong

2019, 0(5): 31-37.

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Aiming at the typical defects of Z-pin reinforced carbon fiber composite laminates in manufacturing, and based on the analysis of its effect on the temperature field, this paper studies the method of defect thermal feature extraction in Z-pin structure. The finite element method was used to analyze the relationship between different sizes of resin-rich region defects, different depths fracture of Z-pin, different angles of Z-pin, and detectable information parameters. Experimeutal tests were carried out to verify the detection of resin-rich region defects. The results show that the maximum temperature difference and maximum contrast increase with the increase of the area of the rich resin region, decrease with the increase of the Z-pin fracture depth, and increase with the increase of the Z-pin tilt angle, for which both the degree of reduction and promotion are nonlinear. The infrared thermal imaging experiment is consistent with the simulation results. The research results provide theoretical basis and technical support for infrared thermal imaging detection and evaluation of Z-pin reinforced composite laminate defects and damage.

STUDY ON MOISTURE ABSORPTION AND DYNAMIC VISCOELASTICITYOF GLASS/FLAX FIBER HYBRID COMPOSITES

XU Jia-bao, ZHOU Chu-wei

2019, 0(5): 38-43.

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The moisture absorption model and wet viscoelasticity of glass fiber/flax fiber hybrid composite laminates were established. The wet diffusion characteristics of hybrid composite laminates are analyzed by the general mass diffusion model. The wet viscoelasticity of hybrid composite laminates is simulated by three element model. The model parameters are measured by the thermal mechanical dynamics analysis (DMTA). Based on the principle of relative wetting weight gain time equivalence, the complex stiffness of hybrid composite laminates under different moisture absorption is analyzed.It is found that the process of absorption moisture of hybrid composite laminates (GFFG) is non Fick at the early stage of absorption moisture, and the hybrid composite laminates (FGGF) satisfy the Fick′s law of wet diffusion. When M_t is at 0~0.037, the gradient of the storage flexural stiffness of the hybrid composite laminates is larger than that of the composite laminates, and the increase of the storage flexural stiffness tends to be slow after 100 Hz. The model established in this paper can reflect the laws observed experimentally.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT BRAKING SPEEDS ON FRICTION PROPERTIES OF CARBON FIBERREINFORCED PHENOLIC RESIN BASED FRICTION MATERIALS

FAN kai, LU Xue-feng, LV Kai-ming, QIAN Kun

2019, 0(5): 44-50.

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In order to study the effects of different braking speeds on the friction and wear properties of carbon fiber reinforced resin-based friction materials, phenolic resin-based friction materials reinforced with three kinds of carbon fiber preforms were prepared, and three kinds of carbon fiber preforms were chopped fiber (DQ), plain cloth (TB) and 2.5D deep cross-linking fabric (SJ). The friction coefficient, wear rate and braking time of the three friction materials at different braking speeds were tested. The friction and wear mechanisms of the friction materials were discussed in combination with microscopic surface morphology and wear debris morphology. The results show that the friction coefficient of the material is basically SJ>TB>DQ, and the deep crosslinked fabric reinforced friction material has the lowest wear and the shortest braking time at the same braking speed. The friction coefficient of plain weave and 2.5D fabric reinforced friction material were less affected by the change of braking speed and were stable at 0.35~0.45. With the increase of braking speed, the chopped fiber reinforced friction material mainly wears abrasive grains, and the friction surface is difficult to form a continuous friction film. There is a relatively complete friction film on the friction surface of plain weave and 2.5D fabric reinforced friction material, and the main wear form is adhesive wear.

RESEARCH ON INTERFERENCE FIT OF CARBON FIBER SHAFT TUBE AND METAL SHAFT HEAD

SHI Guo-cheng, ZHANG Jin-guang, MA Xiang-yu, PENG He

2019, 0(5): 51-55.

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In this paper, an interference fit finite element model of carbon fiber shaft tube and metal shaft head were established to simulate respectively the assembly and torsion process of the interference fit joint. The variation of joint stress and contact surface stress during the assembly and torsion process of carbon fiber shaft tube and metal shaft head were studied, and the failure of metal shaft head and carbon fiber shaft tube were judged. The maximum assembly force and the simulated failure torque were calculated by the output shaft tube and the shaft head interference contact surface stress value CPRESS. Finally, it is found that the interference assembly and torsion experiments were in close agreement with the result from finite element analysis. The results show that the maximum structure stress of the joint after the assembly process occurred in the innermost fiber layer and the maximum structure stress of the joint during the torsion process occurred in the angular position of the stepped surface.

STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION FOR THE RING-STIFFENEDAREA OF COMPOSITE PRESSURE HULL

YANG Zhuo-yi, WANG Ya-nan, SONG Lei, WANG Jun-jun

2019, 0(5): 56-61.

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The composite material can greatly reduce the weight of the pressure hull, which has the great significance for increasing the payload of the underwater vehicle and improving its endurance. The composite material has the designable characteristic, so the ‘inverted T’-stiffened area of the pressure hull combined with the ribs is considered. The ultimate buckling pressure and the structure failure mode of the pressure hull are studied as the number of the composite material layers is changed. Taking the number of layers of the ring-stiffened area, the connection area and the coverage area as design variables, the sample points are selected in the design variable space by using the Latin hypercube design of experiment and conduct finite element structure analysis in order to obtain the response of each sample point. Combined with the multi-island genetic algorithm, the optimal design scheme of the composite ring-stiffened pressure hull is obtained by establishing the relationship between the number of layers and the ultimate buckling pressure, the Tsai-Wu failure index and the weight. The results show that the optimized pressure hull can meet the design requirements, improve the utilization ratio of structure material and reduce the optimization time.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HYBRID FIBER REINFORCEDCONCRETE AT HIGH TEMPERATURE

DONG Yu-jie, LIU Hua-xin, LI Qing-wen, WANG Xue-zhi

2019, 0(5): 62-65.

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In order to study the mechanical properties of basalt-cellulose hybrid fiber concrete after high temperature, cubic compressive and splitting tensile tests were carried out for different basalt fiber lengths (6 mm, 12 mm, 30 mm) and different temperatures (20 ℃, 200 ℃, 400 ℃, 600 ℃). The test results show that the compressive strength of ordinary concrete achieves the maximum strength at 200 ℃, while the hybrid fiber concrete reaches the maximum strength at 400 ℃, and then the compressive strength decreases gradually. The splitting tensile strength of ordinary concrete and fiber concrete decreases with the increase of temperature. After 600 ℃, the residual tensile strength of concrete is only 64.9%. When the basalt fiber length is 12 mm, the high temperature resistance of the hybrid fiber concrete is the strongest. At 600 ℃, the residual compressive strength and the residual splitting tensile strength are 84.8% and 68.6%, respectively.

QUALITY CONTROL OF MANUFACTURE AND INSTALLATION OFFIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC (FRP) EXHAUST INNER BARREL

WANG Tao, ZHANG He-jing, HOU Rui-gang, WANG Jun

2019, 0(5): 66-70.

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Fiber Reinforced plastic (FRP) exhaust inner tube is more and more widely used in the chimney of new coal-fired power plant, and its manufacturing process and on-site quality control of the installation process have attracted much attention. In this paper, based on a new 2×660 MW coal-fired power plant fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) smoke inner barrel manufacturing and installation site quality control, this paper introduces the key technology of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) exhaust inner tube in making process, and summarizes the technical points of quality control of producing qualified fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) exhaust inner tube, ensuring that the quality of products delivered to the user is in accordance with the design requirements.

A METHOD FOR SOLVING THE SURFACE CRACK OF THICK-WALLPULTRUSION PROFILE AND ITS MECHANISM ANALYSIS

ZHANG Cui-miao, SONG Jin-mei, LIU Peng, MAO Ya-sai

2019, 0(5): 71-76.

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In order to solve the surface crack problem of thick-wall pultrusion profiles, six resin formulas were designed in this paper. For six resin formulas, the dosage of curing agent remained the same and only the dosage of LPA was changed. Firstly, DSC tests were carried out for six formulas at different heating rates. After data processing, activation energy and pre-exponential factors of curing reaction were obtained. Moreover, curing reaction was analyzed by combining curing kinetics, and the optimal resin formula was deduced. Then, six formulas were used for the pultrusion production of 35 mm×20 mm solid rectangular profile, and the optimum resin formula was obtained through the comparison of product end faces, consistent with the theoretical analysis results. Through theoretical and practical analysis, the reasons of end surface cracks of thick-wall pultrusion profiles were obtained, and some rules were summarized. Experimental results show that when the content of LPA was 25%, pultrusion speed was 0.12 m·min^-1, gel temperature is 90 ℃, curing temperature is 100 ℃, the mechanical performance of 35 mm×20 mm solid rectangular profile is good, and the product can satisfy the use requirement. These rules can apply to the pultrusion production practice, which can guarantee the quality control of pultrusion profiles.

STUDY ON INTERFACE CHARACTERIZATION METHOD OF GLASS FIBERREINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC RESIN COMPOSITES

JIANG Huan-ying, WANG Da-peng, WANG Zhi-ming, WANG Qing-zhao

2019, 0(5): 77-82.

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The interfacial properties of glass fiber composites are the key factors affecting the overall mechanical properties of composites. In this paper, the interfacial bonding strength of glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin composites was characterized by peeling test, and the surface characterization was carried out by infrared spectroscopy, contact angle and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the infrared spectrum of the glass flakes prepared by the laboratory and the glass fiber precursor sizing agent before and after treatment showed that the peaks of the silicon characteristic peaks of the infrared characteristic peaks and the quantitative analysis results were basically the same. The contact angles of the front and back glass sheets are 41.01°and 52.71°, respectively. The surface hydrophobicity is obviously increased, which can be better infiltrated by the resin. The peeling test curve is similar to the debonding tendency of other interface characterization tests, and also conforms to the basic trend of the peeling curve. The average peeling force between the glass sheet and the polyethylene resin before and after the sizing treatment is increased by 84.67%. After the sizing treatment of the surface of the composite material, the adhesion of the interface is significantly increased. Therefore, it is feasible to use the peel test to characterize the interfacial adhesion properties of glass fiber thermoplastic composites.

STUDY ON MULTIFUNCTIONAL GNPs/CYANATE ESTER RESIN MATRIX

GAO Feng, BAI Gang, XIAO Wei, YANG Fan

2019, 0(5): 83-88.

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In order to prepare functional cyanate resin which integrates conductivity, thermal conductivity and a low thermal expansion coefficient, a graphene nanoplatelets (KNG-150) was chosen to modify the cyanate ester resin. The viscosity, conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, mechanical property, and fracture surfaces before and after modification were analyzed. The effects of graphene nanoplatelets on the thermal expansion coefficient of cyanate esters were studied by theoretical calculations and experimental tests. The results show that graphene nanoplatelets can improve the electrical and thermal conductivity of cyanate ester and reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of cyanate ester. However, the addition of graphene nanoplatelets can increase the viscosity of cyanate ester and decrease the mechanical properties.

STUDY ON SHEAR PROPERTIES OF "CARBON FIBER REINFORCED POLYMERS/DC04" STEEL

ZHANG Ran-ran, CHEN Yi-ning, XIONG Jian-min, SU Yi-chang

2019, 0(5): 89-93.

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In this paper, room-temperature curing and high-toughness epoxy and acrylate structural adhesives were used to join the Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) and steel plates. The shear strength, failure mode and environmental durability of these two kinds of structural adhesives were analyzed. The results show that the shear strength of the high-toughness epoxy structural adhesive was 23.5 MPa after curing, and the failure modes were mainly cohesive failure as well as interface failure. And, the shear strength of the high-toughness acrylate structural adhesive was 12.83 MPa after curing, with the failure mode being dominated by interface failure. In addition, the paper also explored the effect of electrophoresis baking process on the shear strength and failure mode of two structural adhesives. The results show that the shear strength of the epoxy structural adhesive after electrophoresis was 7.28 MPa, which was 69% lower than that before electrophoresis, and the failure mode was cohesive failure of the adhesive layer. Besides, the strength of the acrylate structural adhesive was 15.65 MPa, which was 21.6% higher than that before electrophoresis. The failure modes were both cohesive failure and substrate failure. It could be seen that the electrophoretic baking process had different effects on the shear strength of different structural adhesives. When the CFRP parts need to be electrophoreled with the steel body, the acrylate structural adhesive can meet the requirement of shear strength.

RESEARCH ON MOISTURE ABSORPTION MECHANISM AND WAVE-TRANSIMISSIVITYPROPERTIES OF QUARTZ FIBER REINFORCED RADOME

WANG Chuan-bing, NA Wei, ZHUANG Ling, CHEN Feng-bo

2019, 0(5): 94-101.

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Quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composites have good wave transmission performance. But, due to its strong moisture absorption performance, the dielectric loss of the material increases after moisture absorption. The wave transmission performance of radar seeker antenna decreases obviously when passing through radome. In this paper, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are used to analyze the dielectric loss of quartz fiber reinforced silicon dioxide composites after moisture absorption. The increase of dielectric loss is the main factor leading to the decrease of the performance of seeker antenna. Based on the preparation technology of quartz fiber reinforced radome, the moisture absorption factors of radome are analyzed. The relationship between the transmission efficiency and dielectric properties of radome after moisture absorption is analyzed by using the theory of dielectric slab transmission theory. The wave-transimissivity of a radome is simulated using the physical optics, and the conclusion that the dielectric loss tangent affects the wave transmission of radome is obtained. Then a radome is prepared and placed in the room with normal temperature environment, and its moisture absorption law is observered. Finally, the radome′s wave transmission performance is tested with the seeker antenna, which verifies the conclusion that the radome′s wave transmission efficiency decrease as a whole after absorbing moisture. Finally, the anti-moisture way of the radome is discussed and several moisture-proof schemes are proposed.

STUDY OF LOW DENSITY ABLATIVE MATERIALS

SONG Han, CHEN Ming, WEN Peng, YANG Guo-tao

2019, 0(5): 102-105.

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Low density ablative materials have been arousing a great deal of interest from researchers and academics, but few studies have analyzed the effect of hollow microsphere content on the structure and properties of low density ablative materials. In this study, hollow microsphere has been utilized to regulate the density of prepreg for the preparation of low density ablative materials via tape overlap wrapping, and the effect of hollow microsphere content on the prepreg indicators, porosity, microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal properties of low density ablative materials has also been systematically investigated. Results suggest that the resin viscosity and discrete coefficient of resin content are improved with increasing hollow microsphere content. Porosity measurement indicates that the porosity is enhanced with increased hollow microsphere content. Through the SEM observation, it is found that hollow microspheres uniformly are distributed in the composite, and more pores appear with higher hollow micro-sphere content. Investigation of mechanical properties test demonstrates that tensile strength and compressive strength are decrease with increased of hollow microsphere content. Hollow microsphere could effectively reduce the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity, consequently leading to an increased thermal insulating property.

STUDY ON THE STAB PERFORMANCE OF ARAMID UD CLOTH

AI Qing-song, HU Long, WU Zhong-wei, CHEN Hong

2019, 0(5): 106-109.

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As few studies are available on the stab performance of aramid UD cloth, and the fact that the wear comfortableness of stab-resistant body armor is poor, starting with the stab-resistance of the adhesive film, which is applied to weaving the aramid UD cloth, and post-processing of the aramid UD cloth, pioneering in the use of aramid UD cloth in the field of stab-resistant. The adhesive C with a certain hardness and better matching with aramid fiber, is the final formula. By using the quasi-static stab experiment to measure the piercing force of the different glue content, it is confirmed that the content of glue is 24%~27%, the piercing force of aramid UD cloth is the best, and the single layer density is 225 g/m². By using the dynamic puncture performance, the aramid UD cloth overlying to 34 layers (the single layer density is 225 g/m²), adding one layer of 4.5 mm EVA (the density is 200 g/m²) as the buffer layer, the stab performance meets the standard requirements of 《GA 68—2008》, within the temperature range from -20 ℃ to 55 ℃. The density of the protective layer (with the buffer layer) is only 7.85 kg/m², with a high softness, can be folded to 180 degrees at any angle.

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON FIBER REINFORCEDHIGH PERFORMANCE THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES

XING Kai, XU Hai-bing, YAN Chun, CHEN Gang

2019, 0(5): 110-115.

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Carbon fiber reinforced high-performance thermoplastic composites are widely used in aviation, defense industry, railway transportation and other cutting-edge fields due to their superior mechanical properties, ease of processing, and recyclability. The interface is the weak link of carbon fiber reinforced high-performance thermoplastic composites and is one of the key factors affecting its performance. Great attention has been paid to the interface modification of composites. This paper summarizes the influence factors of the interface properties of carbon fiber reinforced high-performance thermoplastic composites, and focuses on the principles and methods of interface modification of carbon fiber reinforced high-performance thermoplastic composites.

DEVELOPMENTS IN ON-LINE PROCESSING EQUIPMENT OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES

QIN Ying-jie, HAN Jian-ping, ZHAO Kai

2019, 0(5): 116-120.

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Autoclave technologies are becoming the technical bottlenecks to manufacture very large aerospace crafts. On the other hand, on-line consolidation technologies are becoming the research priorities in the field of out-of autoclave process. However, the properties of the thermoplastic composites generated from the on-line consolidation technologies are 80% of the properties generated from the autoclave technologies. The solution to eliminate the 20% gap between the on-line consolidation and the autoclave technologies is making breakthroughs on manufacturing heat-assisted placement heads. As a result, we can eliminate or decrease the disadvantage effect on the properties of the thermoplastic composites from manufacturing sides. This paper introduced the researches and developments of the processing equipment for thermoplastic composites. We compared the advantages and disadvantages of the main heat-assisted placement heads, namely gas-assisted placement heads and laser-assisted placement heads. Based on the results from previous experiments, we proposed the technical indexes of the laser-assisted placement heads and then summed up the practical problems need to be solved for the on-line consolidation technologies.

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