Research progress on phenolic impregnated carbon fiber ablation composite

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20221128.019

Abstract

Abstract: The development of hypersonic aircraft, high Mach number spacecraft return capsule and deep space exploration has brought new demands of the performance of thermal protection materials. Lightweight carbonized materials have emerged and gradually become key materials in the field of thermal protection. Phenolic impregnated carbon fiber ablation body (phenolic impregnated carbon ablator, PICA) is a typical representative of lightweight carbonized materials. This article reviews the progress of PICA materials. Firstly, it summarizes the classification of PICA materials and its ablation mechanism; secondly, it summarizes the modification of PICA materials; finally, it looks forward to the development trend of PICA materials.

Key words: PICA, thermal protection, ablation, modification

CLC Number:

TB332

BU Tong-an, TIAN Mou-feng, SONG Han, REN Liang. Research progress on phenolic impregnated carbon fiber ablation composite[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2022, 0(11): 128-132.

References

[1] 范真祥, 程海峰, 张长瑞,等. 热防护材料的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2005, 19(1): 13-16.
[2] LAUB B, VENKATAPATHY E. Planetary probe atmospheric entry and descent trajectory analysis and science[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2004, 7: 6-9.
[3] 吴晓宏, 陆小龙, 李涛, 等. 轻质烧蚀材料研究综述[J]. 航天器环境工程, 2011, 28(4): 313-317.
[4] WILLCOCKSON W. Stardust sample return capsule design experience[J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 1999, 36(3): 470-474.
[5] MILOS F, CHEN Y. Ablation and thermal response property model validation for phenolic impregnated carbon ablator[J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 2010, 47(5): 786-805.
[6] CHAVEZ J, PHAM J. AGRAWAL P. Fracture in phenolic impregnated carbon ablator[J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 2013, 50(4): 735-741.
[7] BRODY K, BESSIRE T K. Decomposition of phenolic impregnated carbon ablator (PICA) as a function of temperature and heating rate[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2017, 9(25): 21422-21437.
[8] BESSIRE B, LAHANKAR S, MINTON T. Pyrolysis of phenolic impregnated carbon ablator (PICA)[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2015, 7(3): 1383-1395.
[9] STACKPOOLE M, THORNTON J, FAN W. Ongoing TPS development at NASA ames research center[C]//Eighth International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems. IEEE Computer Society, 2010.
[10] WONG H W, PECKY J, ASSIF J,et al. Quantitative determination of species production fromthe pyrolysis of the phenolic impregnated carbon ablator (PICA)[C]//53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting. Florida: 2015.
[11] TRAN H, JOHNSON C, RASKY D. Phenolic impregnated carbon ablators (PICA) for discovery class missions[C]//31st Thermophysics Conference AIAA. 1996.
[12] 孙阳. 多孔纤维基酚醛树脂烧蚀复合材料的制备及性能研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2014.
[13] 贾献峰, 刘旭华, 乔文明, 等. 酚醛浸渍碳烧蚀体(PICA)的制备、结构及性能[J]. 宇航材料工艺, 2016, 46(1): 77-80.
[14] HONG C, HAN J, ZHANG X, et al. Novel phenolic impregnated 3-D fine-woven pierced carbon fabric composites: Microstructure and ablation behavior[J]. Composites Part B Engineering, 2012, 42(5): 2389-2394.
[15] LACHAUD J, MANSOUR N. Microscopic scale simulation of the ablation of fibrous materials[C]//Aiaa Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. 2013.
[16] 胡继东, 左小彪, 冯志海. 航天器热防护材料的发展概述[J]. 航天返回与遥感, 2011, 32(3): 88-92.
[17] 解维华, 韩国凯, 孟松鹤. 返回舱/空间探测器热防护结构发展现状与趋势[J]. 航空学报, 2019, 40(8): 6-22.
[18] TRICK K, SALIBA T. Mechanisms of the pyrolysis of phenolic resin in a carbon/phenolic composite[J]. Carbon, 1995, 33(11): 1509-1514.
[19] JACKSON W, CONLEY R. High temperature oxidative degradation of phenol-formaldehyde polycondensates[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 1964, 8(5): 2163-2193.
[20] WANG J, JIANG H, JIANG N. Study on the pyrolysis of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin and modified PF resin[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 2009, 496(1): 136-142.
[21] 柳云钊, 师建军, 王筠, 等. PICA中的酚醛树脂热分解机理[J]. 宇航材料工艺, 2016, 78(6): 72-77.
[22] 易法军, 梁军. 防热复合材料的烧蚀机理与模型研究[J]. 固体火箭技术, 2000, 23(4): 48-56.
[23] LI W, HUANG H, ZHANG Z, et al. Effects of gradient density on thermal protection performance of AVCOAT composites under varied heat flux[J]. Polymer Composites, 2016, 37(4): 1034-1041.
[24] BESSIRE K, BRODY, SRIDHAR, et al. Pyrolysis of phenolic impregnated carbon ablator (PICA)[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2014, 7(3): 1383-1395.
[25] 嵇阿琳, 李贺军, 崔红. 针刺炭纤维预制体的发展与应用[J]. 炭素技术, 2010(3): 23-27.
[26] 杨威, 贾献峰, 乔文明, 等. 刚性短切碳纤维预制体和酚醛浸渍碳烧蚀体的制备及性能[J]. 宇航材料工艺, 2016, 46(2): 13-18.
[27] DAVIES I, RAWLINGS R. Microstructural investigation of low-density carbon-carbon composites[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 1994, 29(2): 338-344.
[28] WEI G, ROBBINS J. Development and characterization of carbon-bonded carbon fiber insulation for radioisotope space power systems[J]. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 1985, 64(5): 1-42.
[29] CHAZOTO, HUBIN A. Microstructure and gas-surface interaction studies of a low-density carbon-bonded carbon fiber composite in atmospheric entry plasmas[J]. Composites Part A Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2015, 72: 96-107.
[30] TRAN H, RASKY D, ESFAHANI L. Thermal response and ablation characteristics of light weight ceramic ablators[J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 1994, 31(6): 993-998.
[31] MARBAN G, FUERTES A, NEVSKAIA D. Dry formation of low-density Nomex rejects-based activated carbon fiber composites[J]. Carbon, 2000, 38(15): 2167-2170.
[32] LIU C, HAN J, ZHANG X, et al. Lightweight carbon-bonded carbon fiber composites prepared by pressure filtration technique[J]. Carbon, 2013, 59: 551-554.
[33] BORNER A, PANERAI F, MANSOUR N. DSMC study of carbon fiber oxidation in ablative thermal protection systems[C]//45th AIAA Thermophysics Conference. 2015: 22-26.
[34] CHEN T, LIAO J, LIU G, et al. Effects of needle-punched felt structure on the mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites[J]. Carbon, 2003, 41(5): 993-999.