Effect of crystallinity on properties of glass fiber reinforced poly(aryl ether ketone) pultruded bars

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260528.010

Abstract

Abstract: In this paper, glass fiber reinforced poly(aryl ether ketone) composite bar was prepared by pultrusion process. The influence of resin crystallinity on bending, compression and shear strength of composite bar was studied by isothermal heat treatment. The results show that the isothermal heat treatment after pultrusion improves the crystallinity of the resin matrix in the composite bar, increases the stiffness of the resin, and then significantly improves the bending and compression properties of the composite bar. However, the increase of crystallinity leads to the decrease of the resin/fiber interface strength and the decrease of the shear properties of the composite bar. Therefore, for glass fiber reinforced poly(aryl ether ketone) bars, crystallinity affects the stiffness of resin matrix and the interface bonding strength of fiber and resin, and then affects the mechanical properties of composite bars. This finding can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the thermoplastic pultrusion process and expanding its engineering application.

Key words: thermoplastic bar, glass fiber reinforced poly(aryl ether ketone), crystallinity, pultrusion molding, double shear performance

CLC Number:

TB332

ZHANG Wuxing, CUI Qiguan, JIANG Shicai, YAO Jianan, ZHOU Xupeng, YU Youhai. Effect of crystallinity on properties of glass fiber reinforced poly(aryl ether ketone) pultruded bars[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(5): 69-77.

References

[1] BAKIS C E, BANK L C, BROWN V L, et al. Fiber-reinforced polymer composites for construction—state-of-the-art review[J]. Journal of Composites for Construction, 2002, 6(2): 73-87.
[2] HASSAN E A M, GE D T, YANG L L, et al. Highly boosting the interlaminar shear strength of CF/PEEK composites via introduction of PEKK onto activated CF[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2018, 112: 155-160.
[3] HASSAN E A M, YANG L L, ELAGIB T H H, et al. Synergisticeffect of hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking in interface of CF/PEEK composites[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2019, 171: 70-77.
[4] FORTIER V, BRUNEL J E, LEBEL L L. Fastening composite structures using braided thermoplastic composite rivets[J]. Journal of Composite Materials, 2019, 54(6): 801-812.
[5] EL-DESSOUKY H M, LAWRENCE C A. Ultra-lightweight carbon fibre/thermoplastic composite material using spread tow technology[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2013, 50: 91-97.
[6] SIM J-H, YU S-H, YOON H-S, et al. Characteristic evaluation and finite element analysis of glass fiber/recycled polyester thermoplastic composites by cross-sectional shape of glass fiber[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2021, 223: 109095.
[7] CHEN H D, LI S X, WANG J H, et al. A focused review on the thermo-stamping process and simulation progresses of continuous fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2021, 224: 109196.
[8] JUNG I, KIM J, KIM E, et al. Enhanced composite laminate fastening and delamination repair using hierarchical thermoplastic composite rivets[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2024, 277: 111382.
[9] GEBHARD A, BAYERL T, SCHLARB A K, et al. Galvanic corrosion of polyacrylnitrile (PAN) and pitch based short carbon fibres in polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites[J]. Corrosion Science, 2009, 51(11): 2524-2528.
[10] UEDA M, UI N, OHTANI A. Lightweight and anti-corrosive fiber reinforced thermoplastic rivet[J]. Composite Structures, 2018, 188: 356-362.
[11] 汪愿. GF/PP铆钉制备及热塑性复合材料铆接接头性能研究 [D]. 江苏: 南京航空航天大学, 2020.
[12] 张辉, 方良超, 陈奇海, 等. 聚醚醚酮在航空航天领域的应用[J]. 新技术新工艺, 2018(10): 5-8.
[13] ABSI C, ALSINANI N, LABERGE LEBEL L. Carbon fiber reinforced poly(ether ether ketone) rivets for fastening composite str-uctures[J]. Composite Structures, 2022, 280: 114877.
[14] GAO D T, YANG H R, LIU G,et al. Effect of electrochemical oxidation degree of carbon fiber on the interfacial properties ofcarbon fiber-reinforced polyaryletherketone composites[J]. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 2023, 42(21/22): 1107-1118.
[15] BANDARU A K, LAHELLEC S, MA H, et al. Elucidation of crystalline morphology, crystallinity and mechanical properties of carbon fibre/PEEK composites under different cooling rates[J]. Journal of Composite Materials, 2024, 59(5): 479-493.
[16] XIE H M, GU X H, YAO J N, et al. The effect of crystallinity on fatigue properties of glass fiber reinforced poly (ether ether ketone) composite materials[J]. Journal of Composite Materials, 2025, 59(4): 681-697.
[17] ZHANG J D, LIU G, AN P, et al. The effect of cooling rates on crystallization and low-velocity impact behaviour of carbon fibre reinforced poly(aryl ether ketone) composites[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2023, 254: 110569.
[18] LABERGE LEBEL L, ALSINANI N A. Pultrusion system with cooling stage and method therefor:WO2020237381[P]. 2020-11-26.
[19] 黄生江. 连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯的两步法拉挤成型工艺研究[D]. 上海: 华东理工大学, 2012.
[20] STÜVEN J-L, HEIMBS S, SCHMIDT C. Melting behaviour andcrystallisation kinetics of carbon-fibre-reinforced low-melting poly-(aryl ether ketone)[J]. Polymer Testing, 2025, 143: 108718.
[21] PANDA J N, BIJWE J, PANDEY R K. Optimization of the amount of short glass fibers for superior wear performance of PAEK composites[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2019, 116: 158-168.
[22] AL KHATIB A, LE-FRANC R, GUIN J-P, et al. Investigating the thermal effects of plasma surface treatment on crystallinity and mechanical behavior of PEEK[J]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2023, 216: 110500.
[23] 史俊伟, 刘松平, 荀国立, 等. 孔隙对碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料超声衰减系数及压缩性能的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2020, 37(6): 1295-1311.
[24] 孙洪霖. 连续碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮复合材料制备及性能研究 [D]. 上海: 东华大学, 2021.
[25] ZHOU M, XU S M, LI Y H, et al. Transcrystalline formation and properties of polypropylene on the surface of ramie fiber as induced by shear or dopamine modification[J]. Polymer, 2014, 55(13): 3045-3053.
[26] CHOU S, CHEN S-H. High temperature organic nucleating agents for polyetheretherketone/glass fibre composites[J]. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 2000, 8(7): 477-487.
[27] 徐昊, 马艳云, 袁娅, 等. 航空用Ti-6Al-4V紧固件抗剪性能数值模拟分析[J]. 组合机床与自动化加工技术, 2023(9): 35-38.
[28] 姜云鹏, 岳珠峰. 高温下的金属基复合材料双剪切试样应力应变有限元分析[J]. 材料工程, 2003(10): 23-25.