可去除盐辅助石墨烯/碳纳米管网络构筑及其聚醚醚酮复合材料性能研究

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260628.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 石墨烯(Gr)的本征高导电性与碳纳米管(CNT)对基体的力学增强作用,为开发面向防静电、传感及电磁吸收应用的结构功能一体化聚醚醚酮(PEEK)复合材料提供了有效途径。通过复配一维和二维纳米碳材料,可发挥协同效应,提升复合材料的力学性能并优化导电网络的构建。利用NH₄⁺桥接作用,通过静电吸附将氧化石墨烯(GO)和酸化碳纳米管(aCNT)均匀包覆于PEEK粉体表面,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)和热重分析(TG)测试考察了包覆状态,并验证了盐的可去除性。经热处理、化学还原和模压制得的石墨烯-碳纳米管/聚醚醚酮(Gr-CNT/PEEK)复合材料(Gr与CNT比例为5∶5)具有低渗流阈值(0.8wt%)和高电导率(5.64×10^-3 S/cm),较PEEK基体提升12个数量级。在2wt%含量下,电导率达到7×10^-3 S/cm;0.3wt%含量下,拉伸强度提升至110 MPa,较纯树脂提高10%。此外,通过调节混杂碳填料的比例,复合材料在循环拉伸过程中表现出不同的传感行为。Gr与CNT比例为5∶5时,复合材料表现出较稳定的ΔR/R₀与较高的G_F值。

关键词: 混杂碳纳米填料, NH₄⁺, 低渗流阈值, 聚醚醚酮, 导电复合材料

Abstract: The intrinsic high conductivity of graphene(Gr) and the mechanical enhancement effect of carbon nanotubes(CNT) on the matrix provide an effective pathway for developing structural-functional integrated polyetheretherketone(PEEK) composites targeting antistatic, sensing, and electromagnetic absorption applications. By hybridizing these one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanocarbon materials to leverage their synergistic effects, the mechanical properties of the composites are enhanced and the construction of conductive networks is optimized. Utilizing NH₄⁺ bridging, graphene oxide(GO) and acidified carbon nanotubes(aCNT) were uniformly coated onto PEEK powder surfaces via electrostatic adsorption. The coating status and salt removability were investigated through SEM, FTIR, and TG analyses. The graphene-carbon nanotube/PEEK(Gr-CNT/PEEK) composite(the ratio of Gr and CNT is 5∶5), prepared through thermal treatment, chemical reduction, and compression molding, exhibited a low percolation threshold(0.8wt%) and high electrical conductivity(5.64×10^-3 S/cm), surpassing the PEEK matrix by 12 orders of magnitude. At 2wt% filler content, the conductivity reached 7×10^-3 S/cm, while at 0.3wt%, the tensile strength increased to 110 MPa, representing a 10% improvement over pure resin. Furthermore, by adjusting the hybrid carbon filler ratio, the composites demonstrated distinct sensing behaviors during cyclic stretching. When the ratio of Gr and CNT is5∶5, the composite exhibited relatively stable ΔR/R₀ with a high gauge factor(G_F).

Key words: hybrid carbon nanofillers, NH₄⁺, low percolation threshold, PEEK, conductive composites

中图分类号:

TB332

申正鹏, 梅启林, 丁国民, 王垚, 高琳沁. 可去除盐辅助石墨烯/碳纳米管网络构筑及其聚醚醚酮复合材料性能研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(6): 106-118.

SHEN Zhengpeng, MEI Qilin, DING Guomin, WANG Yao, GAO Linqin. Removable salt-assisted construction of graphene/carbon nanotube networks and their performance in polyetheretherketone composites[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(6): 106-118.

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