复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5): 23-33.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260528.004

• 基础与力学性能研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

复合材料U形结构固化变形与最大应力差的尺寸效应研究

刘洋1,2, 赵红华1,3*, 白瑞祥1,3, 黄钰棋1,2, 贾志1,3, 鉴锴1,3   

  1. 1.工业装备结构分析优化与CAE软件全国重点实验室,大连 116024;
    2.大连理工大学 白俄罗斯国立大学联合学院,大连 116024;
    3.大连理工大学 工程力学系,大连 116024
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15 出版日期:2026-05-28 发布日期:2026-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 赵红华(1977—),女,博士,副教授,主要从事复合材料力学方面的研究,zhaoh@dlut.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:刘洋(2001—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事复合材料热固化成型方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(U24B20192)

Study on the size effect of curing deformation and maximum stress difference on composite U-shaped members

LIU Yang1,2, ZHAO Honghua1,3*, BAI Ruixiang1,3, HUANG Yuqi1,2, JIA Zhi1,3, JIAN Kai1,3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian 116024, China;
    2. DUT-BSU Joint Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
    3. Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
  • Received:2025-04-15 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2026-07-01

摘要: 复合材料固化成型产生的固化变形和应力差严重影响构件的成型精度、结构装配与使用寿命,尤其是在航空航天领域广泛应用的大尺寸异形U形结构中。本研究首次针对异形大尺寸U形结构的固化变形和应力差进行研究,分析并对比了不同铺层的温度、固化度、固化变形及应力分布特性,揭示了尺寸效应的规律和最大应力差的非线性变化。研究发现:固化度场与温度场存在相似性,前期内、外侧铺层温度与固化度上升较快,后期中间铺层会完成反超;厚度方向应力场呈现层间梯度效应,其中间层区维持均匀分布特征,而内、外边界层则形成非均匀分布模式;薄壁异形U形结构固化变形演化符合尺寸效应规律;最大应力差随外形尺寸增大而减小,在厚度调控过程中,存在一个最小值临界点,超过该点后,最大应力差逐渐增大,且这一临界厚度值随构件外形尺寸增大而增大。

关键词: 复合材料, 固化变形, 最大应力差, 尺寸效应, 固化度, 临界厚度

Abstract: The curing deformation and stress difference generated during the curing and molding of composite materials significantly affect the forming accuracy, structural assembly and service life of components, especially in large-sized, irregular U-shaped structures widely used in the aerospace field. This study is the first to conduct a systematic investigation on the curing deformation and stress difference of large-sized, irregular U-shaped structures. It analyzed and compared the temperature, curing degree, curing deformation and stress distribution characteristics of different layups, revealing the law of size effect and the nonlinear variation of the maximum stress difference. The research found that the curing degree field and the temperature field have similarities. In the early stage, the temperature and curing degree of the inner and outer layers increase rapidly, while in the later stage, the middle layer will complete the overtaking. The stress field in the thickness direction shows an interlayer gradient effect, with the middle layer maintaining a uniform distribution characteristic, while the inner and outer boundary layers form a non-uniform distribution pattern. The curing deformation evolution of thin-walled, irregular U-shaped structures conforms to the law of size effect. The maximum stress difference decreases with the increase of the external dimensions. During the thickness control process, there is a critical point of the minimum value. After exceeding this point, the maximum stress difference gradually increases, and this critical thickness value increases with the increase of the component’s external dimensions.

Key words: composites, cure deformation, maximum stress difference, size effect, degree of cure, critical thickness

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