聚碳硅烷改性短切碳纤维的制备及其复合材料高温抗氧化性能研究

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260128.008

复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (1): 55-61.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260128.008

聚碳硅烷改性短切碳纤维的制备及其复合材料高温抗氧化性能研究

谢勇, 傅华东, 窦继鹏, 刘迪至, 秦岩^*

武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉 430070

收稿日期:2024-11-26 出版日期:2026-01-28 发布日期:2026-03-12
通讯作者: 秦岩(1967—),男,博士,教授,主要从事聚合物基复合材料方面的研究,qinyan@whut.edu.cn。
作者简介:谢勇(1999—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事耐烧蚀酚醛树脂基复合材料方面的研究。

Preparation of polycarbosilane modified chopped carbon fibers and high-temperature oxidation resistance of composites

XIE Yong, FU Huadong, DOU Jipeng, LIU Dizhi, QIN Yan^*

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China

Received:2024-11-26 Online:2026-01-28 Published:2026-03-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用化学接枝法在短切碳纤维表面制备了聚碳硅烷的衍生涂层,并使用模压工艺制备了短切碳纤维增强硼酚醛树脂复合材料,通过扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶红外光谱仪分析,探究了聚碳硅烷化学接枝的基本机理。测试了复合材料在室温、800 ℃、1 000 ℃、1 200 ℃下氧化后的弯曲强度,以及经氧-乙炔火焰烧蚀后烧蚀中心区域的微观形貌和物相演变,研究聚碳硅烷衍生涂层对复合材料高温抗氧化性能和耐烧蚀性能的影响。结果表明:经过1 200 ℃热处理10 min后,聚碳硅烷改性短切碳纤维/酚醛树脂复合材料的弯曲强度保留率仍有12.77%。在聚碳硅烷衍生涂层的保护下,改性短切碳纤维/酚醛复合材料表现出优异的耐烧蚀性能。通过微观形貌显示,材料表面形成了复合陶瓷膜,提升了表面致密度,保护了内部材料。

关键词: 聚碳硅烷, 涂层改性, 短切碳纤维, 树脂基复合材料, 高温抗氧化性能, 耐烧蚀性能

Abstract: Derivative coatings of polycarbosilane are prepared on the surface of short-cut carbon fibers by chemical grafting method, and boron phenolic resin composites reinforced by short-cut carbon fibers are prepared using a molding process. The basic mechanism of the chemical grafting of polycarbosilane is investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier infrared spectroscopy analysis. The flexural strength of the composites after oxidation at room temperature, 800 ℃, 1 000 ℃ and 1 200 ℃, as well as the microscopic morphology and physical phase evolution of the ablation center region after oxygen-acetylene flame ablation are tested to investigate the influence of polycarbosilane-derived coating on the high-temperature oxidation and ablation resistance of the composites. The results show that the flexural strength retention of the polycarbosilane-modified short-cut carbon fiber/phenolic numerical composites is still 12.77% after high-temperature and long-time heat treatment. And the modified short-cut carbon fiber/phenolic composites show excellent ablation resistance under the protection of polycarbosilane-derived coating. The microscopic morphology shows that a composite ceramic film is formed on the surface of the material to enhance the surface densities and protect the internal materials.

Key words: polycarbosilane, coating modification, chopped carbon fiber, resin-based composite materials, high temperature antioxidant performance, ablation resistance

中图分类号:

TB332

谢勇, 傅华东, 窦继鹏, 刘迪至, 秦岩. 聚碳硅烷改性短切碳纤维的制备及其复合材料高温抗氧化性能研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(1): 55-61.

XIE Yong, FU Huadong, DOU Jipeng, LIU Dizhi, QIN Yan. Preparation of polycarbosilane modified chopped carbon fibers and high-temperature oxidation resistance of composites[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(1): 55-61.

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聚碳硅烷改性短切碳纤维的制备及其复合材料高温抗氧化性能研究

Preparation of polycarbosilane modified chopped carbon fibers and high-temperature oxidation resistance of composites

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