质子交换膜燃料电池用碳纸的制备及性能研究

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20250628.016

复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (6): 118-123.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20250628.016

质子交换膜燃料电池用碳纸的制备及性能研究

陈亚波¹, 付文静¹, 潘晓钢², 刘青辉², 李海龙², 李鹏^1*

1.北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京 100029;
2.中能氢储(北京)能源工程研究院有限责任公司,北京 100052

收稿日期:2024-03-12 出版日期:2025-06-28 发布日期:2025-07-24
通讯作者: 李鹏(1967—),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为环氧树脂改性、复合材料、燃料电池,lipeng@mail.buct.edu.cn。
作者简介:陈亚波(1998—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为复合材料、燃料电池。
基金资助:
中能氢储(北京)能源工程研究院有限责任公司总部管理科研项目(ZNQC-202207002)

Preparation and performance study of carbon paper for PEM fuel cells

CHEN Yabo¹, FU Wenjing¹, PAN Xiaogang², LIU Qinghui², LI Hailong², LI Peng^1*

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;
2. China Energy Hydrogen Storage (Beijing) Energy Engineering Research Institute Company Limited, Beijing 100052, China

Received:2024-03-12 Online:2025-06-28 Published:2025-07-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文采用水溶性酚醛树脂作为碳纸的前驱体,以氧化石墨烯(GO)作为功能性填料,制备得到高性能质子交换膜燃料电池用碳纸。采用差示扫描量热仪和热重分析仪对水溶性酚醛树脂和GO进行表征,发现随着GO含量的增加,树脂的残碳率有显著提升,从57.36%升至66.23%。通过扫描电镜观察改性碳纸的微观形貌,发现随着GO含量的增加,树脂碳与碳纤维之间的界面结合得到了明显提升。此外,采用万能试验机、四探针测试仪和汞注入测试仪探究了树脂浓度和氧化石墨烯对碳纤维纸的力学性能、电学性能以及孔隙率的影响。结果表明:随着树脂浓度和GO含量的增加,碳纸的导电性和力学性能显著增强。为确保燃料电池具有良好的水气传输能力、导电性和机械性能,碳纸需具备适宜的孔隙和孔径分布、高导电性以及良好的机械强度。当树脂浓度为30wt%时,0.6wt% GO改性的碳纸性能最佳,其抗拉强度为25.56 MPa,孔隙率为65.27%,面电阻率达到1.365 Ω·sq^-1。

关键词: 水溶性酚醛树脂, 氧化石墨烯, 碳纤维纸, 气体扩散层, PEM燃料电池

Abstract: In this paper, water-soluble phenolic resin is used as the sizing agent and precursor of carbon paper, and graphene oxide (GO) is used as a functional filler to prepare carbon paper for high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Differential scanning calorimeter and thermos-gravimetric analyzer were used to characterize the water-soluble phenolic resin and GO. It was found that as the GO content increased, the carbon residual rate of the resin increased significantly, from 57.36%to 66.23%. The micromorphology of the modified carbon paper was observed with a scanning electron microscope and it was found that as the GO content increased, the interface bonding between the resin carbon and the carbon fiber was significantly improved. In addition, a universal testing machine, a four-probe tester and a mercury injection tester were used to explore the effects of resin concentration and graphene oxide on the mechanical properties, electrical properties and porosity of carbon fiber paper. The results show that with the increase of resin concentration and GO content, the conductivity and mechanical properties of carbon paper are significantly enhanced. In order to ensure that the fuel cell has good water vapor transmission capacity, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties, the carbon paper needs to have appropriate pore and pore size distribution, high electrical conductivity and good mechanical strength. When the resin concentration is 30wt%, the carbon paper modified with 0.6wt% GO has the best performance, with a tensile strength of 25.56 MPa, a porosity of 65.27%, and a surface resistivity of 1.365 Ω·sq^-1.

Key words: water-soluble phenolic resin, graphene oxide, carbon fiber paper, gas diffusion layer, PEM fuel
cells

中图分类号:

TB332

陈亚波, 付文静, 潘晓钢, 刘青辉, 李海龙, 李鹏. 质子交换膜燃料电池用碳纸的制备及性能研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2025, 0(6): 118-123.

CHEN Yabo, FU Wenjing, PAN Xiaogang, LIU Qinghui, LI Hailong, LI Peng. Preparation and performance study of carbon paper for PEM fuel cells[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2025, 0(6): 118-123.

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质子交换膜燃料电池用碳纸的制备及性能研究

Preparation and performance study of carbon paper for PEM fuel cells

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