聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝新型预氧化方法研究进展

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260928.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 预氧化是聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维生产过程中的重要步骤。预氧化过程中,PAN纤维在200~300 ℃空气气氛下转化为不熔不燃状态,为碳化反应提供结构支撑,并直接决定碳纤维力学性能。现有加热形式的预氧化方法存在耗时过长、能耗高、氧扩散不均匀造成皮芯结构等问题,因此寻找不同反应形式的新型预氧化方法一直是碳纤维研究的重点方向之一。本文报道了目前研究较深入的微波、紫外线、电子束、伽马射线和等离子体辐照处理PAN纤维的研究现状,发现能量场辅助预氧化方法可有效降低预氧化温度并缩短预氧化时间,解决了传统预氧化耗时耗能的缺点。

关键词: 聚丙烯腈碳纤维, 预氧化, 微波, 紫外线辐照, 电子束辐照, 伽马射线, 等离子体辐照

Abstract: Pre-oxidation is an important step in the production process of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon fibers. During the pre-oxidation process, PAN fibers are transformed into a non-melting and non-combustible state at 200-300 ℃ in an air atmosphere, providing structural support for the carbonization reaction and directly determining the mechanical properties of carbon fibers. The existing pre-oxidation methods with heating forms have problems such as long processing time, high energy consumption, and uneven oxygen diffusion causing skin-core structure. Therefore, finding new pre-oxidation methods with different reaction forms has always been one of the key research directions in carbon fiber research. This paper reports the current research status of microwave, ultraviolet, electron beam, gamma ray and plasma irradiation treatment of PAN fibers, and finds that the energy field-assisted pre-oxidation method can effectively reduce the pre-oxidation temperature and shorten the pre-oxidation time, solving the shortcomings of long processing time and high energy consumption in traditional pre-oxidation.

Key words: polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber, pre-oxidation, microwave, ultraviolet irradiation, electron beam irradiation, gamma ray, plasma irradiation

中图分类号:

TB332

辛美音, 李艺鑫, 王晓旭, 刘杰. 聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝新型预氧化方法研究进展[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(9): 147-157.

XIN Meiyin, LI Yixin, WANG Xiaoxu, LIU Jie. Research progress on new preoxidation technology of polyacrylonitrile based carbon fiber precursors[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(9): 147-157.

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