复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 55-62.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260428.007

• 基础与力学性能研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机硅改性玄武岩纤维及其绝缘复合材料性能评估

刘贺晨1,2, 王昱力1*, 吴雄3, 南树岳1, 汪子颖1, 吴鹏1   

  1. 1.河北省绿色高效新能源与设备重点实验室(华北电力大学),保定 071003;
    2.新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京 102206;
    3.国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司,武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-24 发布日期:2026-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 王昱力(2001—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事先进绿色电工材料研发及性能评估方面的工作,15826717811@ 163.com。
  • 作者简介:刘贺晨(1989—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事环保型环氧树脂及其复合材料研制方面的工作。
  • 基金资助:
    南方电网公司科技项目(CGYKJXM20220300)

Performance evaluation of silicone-modified basalt fiber and their insulating composite

LIU Hechen1,2, WANG Yuli1*, WU Xiong3, NAN Shuyue1, WANG Ziying1, WU Peng1   

  1. 1. Hebei Key Laboratory of Green and Efficient New Electrical Materials and Equipment (North China Electric Power University), Baoding 071003, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources (North China Electric Power University), Beijing 102206, China;
    3. Wuhan NARI Limited Liability Company of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China
  • Received:2025-02-24 Published:2026-06-16

摘要: 由于玄武岩纤维表面呈惰性,与基体结合强度较低,在制备成为纤维增强复合材料后难以充分发挥其性能优势。以环氧有机硅树脂乳液作为成膜剂,KH-560作为偶联剂,并辅以其他助剂,配制出玄武岩纤维浸润剂,并对其进行改性处理,通过真空辅助成型技术制备复合绝缘材料,探究有机硅环氧树脂对玄武岩纤维改性的可行性。结果表明,有机硅环氧树脂对玄武岩纤维改性效果显著。与商用玄武岩纤维制备而成的复合材料相比,其击穿场强和沿面闪络电压分别提高了35.02%和17.88%,而介质损耗因数降低了31.4%,具备更优越的绝缘特性;弯曲强度提高了16.85%,且在23 ℃与100 ℃下具备更低的吸水率。综上分析,经过有机硅环氧树脂处理后的玄武岩纤维表现出更优异的性能,在大型电工设备中运用玄武岩纤维增强复合材料具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 玄武岩纤维, 浸润剂, 表面改性处理, 复合绝缘材料, 性能评估

Abstract: Due to the inert surface of basalt fibers and their low bonding strength with the matrix, it is difficult to fully utilize their performance advantages in the preparation of fiber-reinforced composite materials. This paper uses epoxy silicone resin lotion as a film-forming agent, KH-560 as coupling agent and other additives to preparea sizing agent for motifying basalt fibers. Composite insulation materials are prepared by vacuum-assisted molding technology to explore the feasibility of silicone epoxy resin for basalt fiber modification. The results showed that the modification effect of organic silicon epoxy resin on basalt fiber was significant. Compared with composite materials prepared from traditional commercial basalt fiber, its dielectric loss factor was reduced by 31.4%, the surface flashover voltage was increased by 17.88%, and the breakdown field strength was increased by 35.02%, demonstrating superior insulation properties; the bending strength has increased by 16.85%, and it has lower water absorption at 23 ℃ and 100 ℃. Based on the above analysis, the basalt fiber treated with organic silicon epoxy resin exhibits better performance, and the application of basalt fiber reinforced composite materials in large electrical equipment has broad application prospect.

Key words: basalt fiber, sizing agent, surface modification treatment, insulation composite material, performance evaluation

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