曲面功能复合材料结构电磁性能的分区梯度设计分析

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260728.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文分析了基于平板结构的梯度电磁功能复合材料设计在曲面结构应用中雷达散射截面积(Radar Cross Section,RCS)减缩效果受限的可能原因,通过引入按电磁波入射角分区的曲面功能复合材料结构梯度设计方法,实现了曲面功能复合材料结构低频双极化电磁性能优化提升。本文指出:整体梯度设计可以实现平板结构RCS减缩效果提升,但在曲面结构情况下,由于曲面结构表面各点局部实际电磁波入射角在随位置变化,同为电磁波垂直照射,整体梯度设计在曲面结构情况下难以直接发挥其电磁散射抑制优化效果,需要在梯度设计时考虑入射角因素才可实现RCS减缩能力的提升。本文提出了按入射角分区的梯度电结构设计方法,并优化分析了按入射角分区梯度设计的曲面功能复合材料结构,实现了1~2 GHz水平极化平均RCS减缩效果较单一种类电磁芯材提升8.94 dB,1~6 GHz平均RCS减缩达16 dB以上。最终获得了在低频水平极化下具有高效低频减缩性能,且兼具垂直极化减缩能力的曲面功能复合材料结构。

关键词: 曲面结构, 功能复合材料, 电磁性能, 雷达散射截面积, 分区梯度设计

Abstract: This paper analyzes the potential reasons for the limited radar cross section (RCS) reduction effectiveness of gradient-designed electromagnetic functional composite materials, originally based on flat-plate structures, when applied to curved structures. By introducing a gradient design method for curved functional composite structures zoned by electromagnetic wave incidence angles, this study achieves optimized enhancement of dual-polarization electromagnetic performance in low-frequency bands for curved functional composite structures. The paper emphasizes that uniform gradient designs can improve RCS reduction capability in flat structures, but in curved structural applications, due to position-dependent variations in the actual electromagnetic wave incidence angles across curved surfaces, even under vertical electromagnetic wave irradiation, uniform gradient designs fail to directly deliver their electromagnetic scattering suppression optimization effects, necessitating gradient designs that incorporate incidence angle considerations to enhance RCS reduction capabilities. A gradient electrical structure design method partitioned by incidence angles is proposed. Through optimized analysis of curved functional composite structures with incidence angle-zoned gradient designs, an 8.94 dB improvement in average horizontal polarization RCS reduction at 1~2 GHz compared to single-type electromagnetic core materials is achieved, along with over 16 dB average RCS reduction across 1~6 GHz. A curved functional composite material structure has been obtained, which exhibits efficient low-frequency reduction performance in low-frequency horizontal polarization and also possesses vertical polarization reduction capabilities.

Key words: curved structure, functional composite materials, electromagnetic performance, radar cross section (RCS), zoned gradient design

中图分类号:

TB332

杨胜书, 礼嵩明, 郭闻, 刘雨舜, 鹿海军. 曲面功能复合材料结构电磁性能的分区梯度设计分析[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(7): 126-133.

YANG Shengshu, LI Songming, GUO Wen, LIU Yushun, LU Haijun. Zoned gradient design and analysis of electromagnetic performance in curved functional composite structures[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(7): 126-133.

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