仿龟甲层级吸能结构动态响应数值模拟

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20260728.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提升运动头盔对低速集中冲击载荷的防护性能,设计了一种仿龟甲层级吸能结构(Bionic-turtle-shell Hierarchical Sandwich Structure,BHSS),采用数值模拟方法探究了BHSS在冲击载荷下的动态响应规律,系统分析了碳纤维铺层角度、橡胶缓冲层厚度、三周期极小曲面(Triply Periodic Minimal Surface,TPMS)胞元构型及壁厚对冲头加速度响应与结构能量吸收特性的影响。结果表明:73.98 J冲击能量作用下,冲头侵彻BHSS的动态过程可分为弹性变形、损伤起始、损伤加剧、刚度强化与回弹五个阶段;TPMS多孔芯层为BHSS核心吸能部件,吸能占比达63.76%,结构整体吸能峰值为63.77 J;正交铺层(cross-ply)、角铺层(angle-ply)和准各向同性铺层(quasi-isotropic)的碳纤维铺层角度对BHSS吸能峰值的影响微弱;橡胶缓冲层可有效降低冲击加速度峰值,但存在明显边际效应;P型胞元构型的BHSS综合缓冲吸能效果最优,增加胞元壁厚会使冲头加速度峰值显著上升。

关键词: 仿生夹芯结构, 低速冲击, 动态响应, 结构参数

Abstract: To improve the protective performance of sports helmets against low-velocity concentrated impact loads, abionic-turtle-shellhierarchical sandwichstructure (BHSS) was designed in this paper. Numerical simulations were adopted to explore the dynamic response law of BHSS under impact loads, and the effects of carbon fiber lay-up angles, rubber buffer layer thickness, TPMS cell configurations and wall thickness on the punch acceleration response and structural energy absorption characteristics were systematically analyzed. The results show that under the action of 73.98 J impact energy, the dynamic process of punch penetrating BHSS can be divided into five stages: elastic deformation, damage initiation, damage aggravation, stiffness strengthening and rebound. The TPMS porous core layer is the core energy-absorbing component of BHSS, with an energy absorption ratio of 63.76% and an overall energy absorption peak value of 63.77 J for the structure. The carbon fiber lay-up angles of cross-ply, angle-ply and quasi-isotropic ply have a weak effect on the energy absorption peak value of BHSS. The rubber buffer layer can effectively reduce the peak impact acceleration, but with an obvious marginal effect. The BHSS with P-type cell configuration exhibits the optimal comprehensive buffering and energy-absorbing effect, while increasing the cell wall thickness will lead to a significant rise in the peak punch acceleration.

Key words: biomimetic sandwich structure, low-velocity impact, dynamic response, structural parameters

中图分类号:

TB332

张晓刚, 崔迪, 张昊, 沙勇. 仿龟甲层级吸能结构动态响应数值模拟[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2026, 0(7): 1-11.

ZHANG Xiaogang, CUI Di, ZHANG Hao, SHA Yong. Numerical simulations on the dynamic response of bionic-turtle-shell hierarchical sandwichstructures[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2026, 0(7): 1-11.

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